Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33960685›Full record

ArticleEMBO molecular medicine2021

Utility of red-light ultrafast optogenetic stimulation of the auditory pathway.

Burak Bali, David Lopez de la Morena, Artur Mittring, Thomas Mager, Vladan Rankovic, Antoine Tarquin Huet, Tobias Moser

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in EMBO molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Protein design accelerates the development and application of optogenetic tools.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Light at the end of the tunnel of Corti.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Burak BaliInstitute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
David Lopez de la Morena *Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0835-2732
Artur Mittring *Institute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Thomas MagerInstitute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Vladan RankovicInstitute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0003-0285-5232
Antoine Tarquin HuetInstitute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-6151-7183
Tobias MoserInstitute for Auditory Neuroscience and InnerEarLab, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7145-0533

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Optogenetic stimulation of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in the ear provides a future alternative to electrical stimulation used in current cochlear implants. Here, we employed fast and very fast variants of the red-light-activated channelrhodopsin (ChR) Chrimson (f-Chrimson and vf-Chrimson) to study their utility for optogenetic stimulation of SGNs in mice. The light requirements were higher for vf-Chrimson than for f-Chrimson, even when optimizing membrane expression of vf-Chrimson by adding potassium channel trafficking sequences. Optogenetic time and intensity coding by single putative SGNs were compared with coding of acoustic clicks. vf-Chrimson enabled putative SGNs to fire at near-physiological rates with good temporal precision up to 250 Hz of stimulation. The dynamic range of SGN spike rate coding upon optogenetic stimulation was narrower than for acoustic clicks but larger than reported for electrical stimulation. The dynamic range of spike timing, on the other hand, was more comparable for optogenetic and acoustic stimulation. In conclusion, f-Chrimson and vf-Chrimson are promising candidates for optogenetic stimulation of SGNs in auditory research and future cochlear implants.

Indexed as

Cochlear ImplantsOptogeneticsAnimalsAuditory PathwaysChannelrhodopsinsMiceSpiral GanglionChannelrhodopsinschannelrhodopsincochlear implantdynamic rangegatingspiral gangliontemporal coding

Identifiers

PMID33960685
PMCPMC8185542

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.