ReviewBulletin of the World Health Organization2021
Gaps in health security related to wildlife and environment affecting pandemic prevention and preparedness, 2007-2020.
Review in Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed.
- Viral pathogens in urban rats: A one health systematic review of global surveillance evidence.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Strengthening biodiversity conservation and One Health through ranger monitoring of wildlife health in protected areas.Conservation biology : the journal of the Society for Conservation Biology · 2026Article
- The Shared Wildlife Health Information System (SWHIS): An Online Case Management System to Support Wildlife Management.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Theory of change for building stronger wildlife health surveillance systems globally.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2026Review
- Needs assessment for national wildlife health programs.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Scaling up the integration of the environment and wildlife sectors for enhanced One Health outcomes in Southeast Asia.One health outlook · 2026Review
- Article
- From spillover to systems: evidence gaps in One Health preparedness for emerging infectious diseases in Latin America and the Caribbean.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- A community-of-practice-built database to support the implementation and operation of national and subnational wildlife health surveillance systems.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Intersectoral collaboration in zoonotic disease surveillance and response: A One Health study in the Greater Accra metropolitan area of Ghana.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Essential contributions of wildlife health surveillance to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.One health outlook · 2025Review
- An Enigmatic Wild Passerine Mortality Event in the Eastern United States.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- How studies on zoonotic risks in wildlife implement the one health approach - A systematic review.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2024Review
- Advancing pathogen genomics in resource-limited settings.Cell genomics · 2023Review
- Ground zero for pandemic prevention: reinforcing environmental sector integration.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- Using integrated wildlife monitoring to prevent future pandemics through one health approach.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- One Health Surveillance Highlights Circulation of Viruses with Zoonotic Potential in Bats, Pigs, and Humans in Viet Nam.Viruses · 2023Article
- A call to prioritise prevention: Action is needed to reduce the risk of zoonotic disease emergence.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Review
- Transmission dynamics and susceptibility patterns of SARS-CoV-2 in domestic, farmed and wild animals: Sustainable One Health surveillance for conservation and public health to prevent future epidemics and pandemics.Transboundary and emerging diseases · 2022Review
- Mismatch between media coverage and research on invasive species: The case of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in Argentina.PloS one · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo describe and quantify the extent of wildlife and environment sector inclusion in country evaluation and prioritization tools for health security, and to provide practical recommendations for global and national action to improve pandemic prevention and preparedness.
methodsTo assess coverage of wildlife and other environmental aspects, we reviewed major health security reports (including World Organisation for Animal Health Performance of Veterinary Services reports, and World Health Organization Joint External Evaluations and follow-on National Action Plans for Health Security) published by 107 countries and territories. We extracted information on stated coverage gaps, wildlife surveillance systems and priority diseases. We also searched National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans published by 125 countries to assess whether disease surveillance or prevention activities were included.
findingsWe noted that the occurrence frequency of keywords indicative of wildlife, environment, biodiversity and climate factors varied with type of report and between countries. We found that more than half (57.9%, 62/107) of the reporting countries did not provide any evidence of a functional wildlife health surveillance programme. Most countries (83.2%, 89/107) indicated specific gaps in operations, coordination, scope or capacity. Only eight of the 125 countries (6.4%) publishing a National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan reported tangible activities related to wildlife health or zoonotic disease.
conclusionOverall, despite their importance for pandemic prevention, wildlife and environmental considerations are neglected in health security priorities and plans. Strengthening wildlife health capacity and operations should be emphasized in One Health efforts to monitor and mitigate known and novel disease risks.
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