Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33958624›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Promises and trust in human-robot interaction.

Lorenzo Cominelli, Francesco Feri, Roberto Garofalo, Caterina Giannetti, Miguel A Meléndez-Jiménez, Alberto Greco, Mimma Nardelli, Enzo Pasquale Scilingo, Oliver Kirchkamp

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Privacy and Human-AI Relationships.Philosophy & technology · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Current and future applications of robotics in structural heart interventions.EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology · 2025
    Review
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  5. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lorenzo CominelliDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Francesco FeriDepartment of Economics, Royal Holloway University of London, London, UK.
Roberto GarofaloDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Caterina GiannettiDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy. caterina.giannetti@unipi.it.
Miguel A Meléndez-JiménezDepartment of Economic Theory and Economic History, University of Málaga, Malaga, Spain.
Alberto GrecoDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Mimma NardelliDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Enzo Pasquale ScilingoDepartment of Information Engineering and Center E. Piaggio, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Oliver KirchkampChair of Behavioural and Experimental Economics, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Understanding human trust in machine partners has become imperative due to the widespread use of intelligent machines in a variety of applications and contexts. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether human-beings trust a social robot-i.e. a human-like robot that embodies emotional states, empathy, and non-verbal communication-differently than other types of agents. To do so, we adapt the well-known economic trust-game proposed by Charness and Dufwenberg (2006) to assess whether receiving a promise from a robot increases human-trust in it. We find that receiving a promise from the robot increases the trust of the human in it, but only for individuals who perceive the robot very similar to a human-being. Importantly, we observe a similar pattern in choices when we replace the humanoid counterpart with a real human but not when it is replaced by a computer-box. Additionally, we investigate participants' psychophysiological reaction in terms of cardiovascular and electrodermal activity. Our results highlight an increased psychophysiological arousal when the game is played with the social robot compared to the computer-box. Taken all together, these results strongly support the development of technologies enhancing the humanity of robots.

Indexed as

Man-Machine SystemsRoboticsSocial InteractionTrustArtificial IntelligenceHumans

Identifiers

PMID33958624
PMCPMC8102555

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.