ArticleArchives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition2021
Intrapartum group B Streptococcal prophylaxis and childhood weight gain.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Child Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Pooled it
- Aberrant Growth in 5-Year-Old Children After Antibiotics in the First Week of Life.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Trial
- Time to rethink prevention of neonatal group B streptococcal disease.Seminars in immunopathology · 2026Review
- Group B Streptococcus antibiotics treatment during pregnancy and the risk of four neurodevelopmental outcomes in Swedish children.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Early-life antibiotic exposure and the risk of overweight and obesity in children.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Maternal group BAnnals of medicine · 2025Article
- Antibiotic Exposure and Childhood Overweight/Obesity: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- Intrapartum antibiotic exposure and infectious diseases in childhood - a population-based cohort study.EBioMedicine · 2024Article
- Decreasing Antibiotic Use in a Community Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: A Quality Improvement Initiative.American journal of perinatology · 2024Article
- Associations of intrapartum antibiotics and growth, atopy, gastrointestinal and sleep outcomes at one year of age.Pediatric research · 2023Article
- Association of delivery risk phenotype with early-onset sepsis in preterm infants.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2023Article
- Higher body mass index after intrapartum antibiotic exposure in children persists over 10-years.Pediatric obesity · 2023Article
- Group B Streptococcus Infection in Extremely Preterm Neonates and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 2 Years.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Observational
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo determine the difference in rate of weight gain from birth to 5 years based on exposure to maternal group B streptococcal (GBS) intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP).
designRetrospective cohort study of 13 804 infants.
settingTwo perinatal centres and a primary paediatric care network in Philadelphia.
participantsTerm infants born 2007-2012, followed longitudinally from birth to 5 years of age. EXPOSURES: GBS IAP defined as penicillin, ampicillin, cefazolin, clindamycin or vancomycin administered ≥4 hours prior to delivery to the mother. Reference infants were defined as born to mothers without (vaginal delivery) or with other (caesarean delivery) intrapartum antibiotic exposure. OUTCOMES: Difference in rate of weight change from birth to 5 years was assessed using longitudinal rate regression. Analysis was a priori stratified by delivery mode and adjusted for relevant covariates.
resultsGBS IAP was administered to mothers of 2444/13 804 (17.7%) children. GBS IAP-exposed children had a significantly elevated rate of weight gain in the first 5 years among vaginally-born (adjusted rate difference 1.44% (95% CI 0.3% to 2.6%)) and caesarean-born (3.52% (95% CI 1.9% to 5.2%)) children. At 5 years, the rate differences equated to an additional 0.24 kg among vaginally-born children and 0.60 kg among caesarean-born children.
conclusionGBS-specific IAP was associated with a modest increase in rate of early childhood weight gain. GBS IAP is an effective intervention to prevent perinatal GBS disease-associated morbidity and mortality. However, these findings highlight the need to better understand effects of intrapartum antibiotic exposure on childhood growth and support efforts to develop alternate prevention strategies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.