ReviewBorderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation2021
Complex PTSD and borderline personality disorder.
Review in Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
73 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Re-examining the comorbidity between borderline personality disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder: a systematic narrative review.BMC psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- What are the Experiences of and Interventions for Adult Survivors of Childhood Sexual Abuse in South Asia? A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis.Trauma, violence & abuse · 2024Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of dialectical behavior therapy variants for the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Pooled it
- Interventions for perinatal borderline personality disorder and complex trauma: a systematic review.Archives of women's mental health · 2023Pooled it
- Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders. A Narrative Review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Pooled it
- Links between personality functioning and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms: a network analysis.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- The International Trauma Questionnaire Child and Adolescent Version (ITQ-CA) in Portuguese: validation for children at risk.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- A neurocognitive account of complex PTSD: self-modelling, affective dysregulation, and implications for MDMA-assisted and targeted psychotherapies.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Review
- The combination of dialectical behavioral skills training with EMDR in the treatment of borderline personality disorder and psychological trauma: a feasibility randomized trial.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2026Article
- Borderline personality disorder in East Asian adolescents: a comprehensive review of research on assessment, etiology, and treatment.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Possible drivers of self-harm severity - relative contributions of post-traumatic stress and levels of personality functioning - results from the Extreme Challenges project.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Patient and therapist perspectives on impact, outcomes and change mechanisms in trauma-focused mentalization-based treatment: a qualitative interview study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Making a case for using MDMA-assisted psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder and complex PTSD: a descriptive systematic review of the literature.Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology · 2026Review
- Trait dissociation in borderline personality disorder: influence on immediate therapy outcomes, follow-up assessments, and self-harm patterns.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Research Review: What we have learned about early detection and intervention of borderline personality disorder.Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines · 2025Review
- Attachment representations in Afghan refugees undergoing psychological treatment: a pilot study.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Borderline personality disorder (BPD) features and their relationship with trauma and dissociation among Chinese adolescents: is BPD really a trauma-related disorder?European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Personality Disorder Severity-ICD-11 Scale and CPTSD ICD-11 Scale: examining possible psychometric properties and diagnostic concept overlap.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- The impact of types of childhood maltreatment on the severity of PTSD and comorbid personality disorder symptoms.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
- Validation of the International Trauma Interview (ITI) among treatment-seeking people with adverse childhood experiences in South Korea.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2025Article
13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThis article builds on a previous review (Ford and Courtois, Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 1:9, 2014) which concluded that complex posttraumatic stress disorder (cPTSD) could not be conceptualized as a sub-type of either PTSD or BPD. Recent research is reviewed that extends and clarifies the still nascent understanding of the relationship between cPTSD and BPD. MAIN BODY: The circumscribed formulation of adult cPTSD that has been developed, validated, and included in the 11th Edition of the International Classification of Diseases has spurred research aimed at differentiating cPTSD and BPD both descriptively and empirically. A newly validated Developmental Trauma Disorder (DTD) syndrome for children and adolescents provides a basis for systematic research on the developmental course and origins of adult cPTSD and BPD. This review summarizes recent empirical findings regarding BPD, PTSD, and cPTSD in terms of: (1) prevalence and comorbidity; (2) clinical phenomenology; (3) traumatic antecedents; (4) psychobiology; (5) emotion dysregulation; (6) dissociation; and (7) empirically supported approaches to clinical assessment and psychotherapeutic treatment.
conclusionThe evidence suggests that PTSD, cPTSD, and BPD are potentially comorbid but distinct syndromes. A hypothesis is advanced to stimulate scientific research and clinical innovation defining and differentiating the disorders, positing that they may represent a continuum paralleling the classic conceptualization of the stress response, with dissociation potentially involved in each disorder.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.