Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33957843›Full record

ArticleHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics2021

Formulation Development and Improved Stability of a Combination Measles and Rubella Live-Viral Vaccine Dried for Use in the Nanopatch

Ying Wan, Vineet Gupta, Christopher Bird, Swathi R Pullagurla, Paul Fahey, Angus Forster, David B Volkin, Sangeeta B Joshi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Enhancing vaccine stability in transdermal microneedle platforms.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Exploiting Unique Features of Microneedles to Modulate Immunity.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ying WanDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Vineet GuptaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Christopher BirdDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Swathi R PullagurlaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Paul FaheyVaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Angus ForsterVaxxas Pty Ltd, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
David B VolkinDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.
Sangeeta B JoshiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Measles (Me) and rubella (Ru) viral diseases are targeted for elimination by ensuring a high level of vaccination coverage worldwide. Less costly, more convenient MeRu vaccine delivery systems should improve global vaccine coverage, especially in low - and middle - income countries (LMICs). In this work, we examine formulating a live, attenuated Me and Ru combination viral vaccine with Nanopatch™, a solid polymer micro-projection array for intradermal delivery. First, high throughput, qPCR-based viral infectivity and genome assays were established to enable formulation development to stabilize Me and Ru in a scaled-down, custom-built evaporative drying system to mimic the Nanopatch™ vaccine coating process. Second, excipient screening and optimization studies identified virus stabilizers for use during the drying process and upon storage in the dried state. Finally, a series of real-time and accelerated stability studies identified eight candidate formulations that met a target thermal stability criterion for live vaccines (<1 log

Indexed as

MeaslesRubellaViral VaccinesHumansMeasles VaccineRubella VaccineVaccines, AttenuatedMeasles VaccineRubella VaccineVaccines, AttenuatedViral VaccinesdeliveryformulationMeaslesmicroarray patchmicroneedlenanopatch™rubellastabilityvaccinevirus

Identifiers

PMID33957843
PMCPMC8475600

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.