ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2021
Implanted Microsensor Continuous IOP Telemetry Suggests Gaze and Eyelid Closure Effects on IOP-A Preliminary Study.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Near Fixation-Associated Intraocular Pressure Reduction in Intermittent Exotropia: Postoperative Changes After Strabismus Surgery.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Horizontal Gaze Tolerance and Its Effects on Visual Sensitivity in Glaucoma.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- The relationship between intraocular pressure and glaucoma: An evolving concept.Progress in retinal and eye research · 2024Review
- Reproducibility of consecutive automated telemetric noctodiurnal IOP profiles as determined by an intraocular implant.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Effect of eyelid muscle action and rubbing on telemetrically obtained intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma with an IOP sensor implant.The British journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Biomechanical homeostasis in ocular diseases: A mini-review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
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Abstract
Purpose: To explore the effect of gaze direction and eyelid closure on intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods: Eleven patients with primary open-angle glaucoma previously implanted with a telemetric IOP sensor were instructed to view eight equally-spaced fixation targets each at three eccentricities (10°, 20°, and 25°). Nine patients also performed eyelid closure. IOP was recorded via an external antenna placed around the study eye. Differences of mean IOP between consecutive gaze positions were calculated. Furthermore, the effect of eyelid closure on gaze-dependent IOP was assessed. Results: The maximum IOP increase was observed at 25° superior gaze (mean ± SD: 4.4 ± 4.9 mm Hg) and maximum decrease at 25° inferonasal gaze (-1.6 ± 0.8 mm Hg). There was a significant interaction between gaze direction and eccentricity (P = 0.003). Post-hoc tests confirmed significant decreases inferonasally for all eccentricities (mean ± SEM: 10°: -0.7 ± 0.2, P = 0.007; 20°: -1.1 ± 0.2, P = 0.006; and 25°: -1.6 ± 0.2, P = 0.006). Eight of 11 eyes showed significant IOP differences between superior and inferonasal gaze at 25°. IOP decreased during eyelid closure, which was significantly lower than downgaze at 25° (mean ± SEM: -2.1 ± 0.3 mm Hg vs. -0.7 ± 0.2 mm Hg, P = 0.014). Conclusions: Our data suggest that IOP varies reproducibly with gaze direction, albeit with patient variability. IOP generally increased in upgaze but decreased in inferonasal gaze and on eyelid closure. Future studies should investigate the patient variability and IOP dynamics.
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