ArticleThe Laryngoscope2021
Prognostic Role of Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes and Tumor Budding in Early Oral Tongue Carcinoma.
Article in The Laryngoscope, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Treatment strategy for cervical lymph node metastases in patients with lower gingival carcinoma undergoing mandibular marginal resection.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Article
- The Role of Tumor Budding in Early-Stage Laryngeal Cancer Treatment Selection.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Investigating Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in the Microenvironment of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders (OPMDs): Can They Shift Our Perspective? A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Treatment strategy for cervical lymph node metastases from early-stage tongue and floor of the mouth squamous cell carcinoma using tumour budding and depth of invasion as predictors.Clinical oral investigations · 2024Article
- Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Might Serve as a Prognostic Marker in Young Patients with Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Article
- Effects of macrophages in OSCC progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Predictive value of tumor budding in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: an update.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2023Review
- Tumor Immune Microenvironment Heterogeneity at the Invasion Front and Tumor Center in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma as a Perspective of Managing This Cancer Entity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectives/hypothesisOccult lymph metastasis is an important prognosticator for the treatment of early oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in early oral tongue SCC. The combination of the TIL subtype and intermediate- or high-grade budding scores was investigated as a prognostic marker for occult neck metastases. STUDY
designRetrospective study.
methodsSpecimens from 62 patients with early oral tongue SCC treated with only primary surgery were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for CD4+, CD8+, FoxP3+, and CD45RO+ T cells and CD163+ macrophages. The highest number of each TIL subtype was counted in two areas of parenchyma and stroma in the tumor (Tumor) and peripheral stroma of the invasion margin.
resultsBased on multivariate analysis, a high density of Tumor CD163+ macrophages served as the poorest prognostic factor for regional control (RC) and disease-free survival (DFS). Patients with both a high density of Tumor CD163+ macrophages and an intermediate- or a high-grade budding score had a poor prognosis for RC according to the log-rank test.
conclusionsIn summary, each TIL subtype may use different mechanisms during early and advanced stages of oral tongue SCC. A high density of Tumor CD163+ macrophages was determined to be a risk factor for RC and DFS as well as an additional stratification factor for RC in patients with intermediate- or high-grade budding scores. Therefore, identifying TIL subtypes in daily clinical practice can help determine a more successful and individualized therapeutic approach for early oral tongue SCC. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Step 4 (Level 4) Laryngoscope, 131:2512-2518, 2021.
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