ArticleJournal of cellular and molecular medicine2021
Bone marrow cells are differentiated into MDSCs by BCC-Ex through down-regulating the expression of CXCR4 and activating STAT3 signalling pathway.
Article in Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reprogramming the breast tumor immune microenvironment: cold-to-hot transition for enhanced immunotherapy.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Breast Cancer and Tumor Microenvironment: The Crucial Role of Immune Cells.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- Exploring the causal influence of 731 immune cells on 4 different glaucoma subtypes using a two-sample mendelian randomization method.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Biological Roles and Clinical Applications of Exosomes in Breast Cancer: A Brief Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Extracellular vesicle-mediated communication between CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The Role of the Tumor Microenvironment in Triple-Positive Breast Cancer Progression and Therapeutic Resistance.Cancers · 2023Review
- MDSCs in breast cancer: an important enabler of tumor progression and an emerging therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer Immunoediting and Their Potential as Oncoimmunotherapeutics.Cancers · 2022Review
- Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Therapy Resistance in the Breast Cancer Microenvironment.Biomolecules · 2022Review
- Immunotherapy of targeting MDSCs in tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Beyond Immunosuppression: The Multifaceted Functions of Tumor-Promoting Myeloid Cells in Breast Cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Bone marrow cells are differentiated into MDSCs by BCC-Ex through down-regulating the expression of CXCR4 and activating STAT3 signalling pathway.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Article
- Myeloid‑derived suppressor cells as targets of emerging therapies and nanotherapies (Review).Medicine internationalReview
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Studies showed that the increase of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumour microenvironment is closely related to the resistant treatment and poor prognosis of metastatic breast cancer. However, the effect of tumour-derived exosomes on MDSCs and its mechanism are not clear. Here, we reported that breast cancer cells (4T1)-secreted exosomes (BCC-Ex) were able to differentiate bone marrow cells into MDSCs and significantly inhibited the proliferation of T lymphocytes to provide an immunosuppressive microenvironment for cancer cells in vivo and in vitro. The number of MDSCs in bone marrow and spleen of 4T1 tumour-bearing mice and BCC-Ex infused mice was significantly higher than that of normal mice, whereas the number of T lymphocytes in spleen was significantly decreased. In addition, BCC-Ex markedly promoted the differentiation of MDSCs from bone marrow cells or bone marrow cells derived macrophages, seen as the increased expressions of MDSCs-related functional proteins Arginase-1 (Arg-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Furthermore, BCC-Ex significantly down-regulated the expressions of chemokine receptor CXCR4 and markedly up-regulated the levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 in bone marrow cells and macrophages and remarkably inhibited the division and proliferation of T cells. Importantly, CXCR4 agonist, CXCL12, could reverse the function of BCC-Ex, indicating that BCC-Ex-induced MDSCs might be dependent on the down-regulation of CXCR4. Western blot showed that BCC-Ex significantly promoted the phosphorylation of STAT3 in bone marrow cells, resulting in the inhibitions of the proliferation and apoptosis of bone marrow cells, and the aggravation of the differentiation of bone marrow cells into MDSCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.