Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33954793›Full record

ArticleGigaScience2021

The germline mutational process in rhesus macaque and its implications for phylogenetic dating.

Lucie A Bergeron, Søren Besenbacher, Jaco Bakker, Jiao Zheng, Panyi Li, George Pacheco, Mikkel-Holger S Sinding, Maria Kamilari, M Thomas P Gilbert, Mikkel H Schierup and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in GigaScience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Census and genetic analysis of the United States marmoset population.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Population size interacts with reproductive longevity to shape the germline mutation rate.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 8 countries.

Lucie A BergeronSection for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-1877-1690
Søren BesenbacherDepartment of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University, Brendstrupgårdsvej 21A, 8200 Aarhus N, Denmark.
Jaco BakkerAnimal Science Department, Biomedical Primate Research Centre, Lange Kleiweg 161, 2288 GJ Rijswijk, Netherlands.
Jiao ZhengBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, China.
Panyi LiBGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Guangdong, China.
George PachecoSection for Evolutionary Genomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Mikkel-Holger S SindingDepartment of genetics, Trinity College Dublin, 2 college green, D02 VF25, Dublin, Ireland.
Maria KamilariSection for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
M Thomas P GilbertSection for Evolutionary Genomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Oester Voldgade 5-7, 1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
Mikkel H SchierupBioinformatics Research Centre, Aarhus University, C.F.Møllers Allé 8, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
Guojie ZhangSection for Ecology and Evolution, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-6860-1521
University of Copenhagen · DKBGI Group (China) · CNAarhus University · DKBiomedical Primate Research Centre · NLTrinity College · CA

Funding

European Research Council 681396
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundUnderstanding the rate and pattern of germline mutations is of fundamental importance for understanding evolutionary processes.

resultsHere we analyzed 19 parent-offspring trios of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) at high sequencing coverage of ∼76× per individual and estimated a mean rate of 0.77 × 10-8de novo mutations per site per generation (95% CI: 0.69 × 10-8 to 0.85 × 10-8). By phasing 50% of the mutations to parental origins, we found that the mutation rate is positively correlated with the paternal age. The paternal lineage contributed a mean of 81% of the de novo mutations, with a trend of an increasing male contribution for older fathers. Approximately 3.5% of de novo mutations were shared between siblings, with no parental bias, suggesting that they arose from early development (postzygotic) stages. Finally, the divergence times between closely related primates calculated on the basis of the yearly mutation rate of rhesus macaque generally reconcile with divergence estimated with molecular clock methods, except for the Cercopithecoidea/Hominoidea molecular divergence dated at 58 Mya using our new estimate of the yearly mutation rate.

conclusionsWhen compared to the traditional molecular clock methods, new estimated rates from pedigree samples can provide insights into the evolution of well-studied groups such as primates.

Indexed as

Germ-Line MutationMutation RateAnimalsGerm CellsMacaca mulattaMalePhylogenyEvolutionmutation ratephylogenyprimates

Identifiers

PMID33954793
PMCPMC8099771
OpenAlexW3159102117

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.