ArticleJournal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent2021
Reliability and Concurrent Validity of the GAIN Short Screener Among Youth Utilizing Integrated Health Services.
Article in Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Characteristics of youth reporting suicidal ideation in an integrated youth services initiative in British Columbia, Canada (2018-2023): a retrospective cohort study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- The multidimensional social ecological needs and service utilization patterns of youth using non-medical prescription opioids: an observational study of routinely collected data in a provincial integrated youth services initiative.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2025Observational
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Later E-Cigarette and Tobacco Use in US Youths.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- What do justice-involved youth want from integrated youth services? A conjoint analysis.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2024Article
- Patterns of service utilization among youth with substance use service need: a cohort study.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2023Article
- Associations over the COVID-19 pandemic period and the mental health and substance use of youth not in employment, education or training in Ontario, Canada: a longitudinal, cohort study.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- A Longitudinal Cohort Study of Youth Mental Health and Substance use Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ontario, Canada: An Exploratory Analysis.Canadian journal of psychiatry. Revue canadienne de psychiatrie · 2022Article
- Impact Potpourri: A Multimethod Survey Study on Youth Substance Use During COVID-19.The Canadian journal of addiction · 2022Article
- Do Specific Craniomaxillofacial Features Correlate with Psychological Distress in Adult Pretreatment Orthodontic Patients? A Cephalometric Study.Disease markers · 2022Article
- Paying Attention to the Measures Used in Psychiatric Research and Services.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThere is increasing interest in the identification of mental disorders among youth through routine screening in integrated health services. One tool currently being used in Canada is the Global Appraisal of Individual Needs Short Screener (GAIN-SS). The aims of this study were to (1) estimate the internal consistency of the GAIN-SS and its internalizing disorder screener (IDScr) (2) examine concurrent validity of the GAIN-SS and IDScr in an integrated youth health service centre, and (3) identify clinical cut-points for youth aged 17-24 years.
methodParticipants [n=201, gender=44% women, median age 21 (min,max: 17,24) years] were recruited from an integrated youth health service in Vancouver, British Columbia. Participants completed the GAIN-SS and three reference measures: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7). Cronbach's alpha, sensitivity, and specificity of the GAIN-SS and IDScr were examined using the K-10, PHQ-9 and GAD-7 as reference measures. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated to identify optimal cut-points for the GAIN-SS and IDScr.
resultsA cut-point of seven for the GAIN-SS optimized sensitivity (90%) and specificity (42%) with Cronbach's alpha of 0.91. A similar pattern of results was found for the IDScr and the reference measures it was tested against.
conclusionThe results indicate that the GAIN-SS and IDScr have acceptable sensitivity but poor specificity that could be improved via the optimal cut-points identified in this study. This low specificity may be acceptable within an integrated youth health service that provides follow-up diagnostic assessments by a clinician.
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Registered trials
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