Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33953207›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

A dual-target molecular mechanism of pyrethrum repellency against mosquitoes.

Feng Liu, Qiang Wang, Peng Xu, Felipe Andreazza, Wilson R Valbon, Elizabeth Bandason, Mengli Chen, Ru Yan, Bo Feng, Leticia B Smith and 9 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.8field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 81 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  16. Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  17. Making scents of mosquito repellents.Trends in parasitology · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 9 institutions in 4 countries.

Feng Liu *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Qiang Wang *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Peng Xu *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Felipe Andreazza *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3424-3177
Wilson R Valbon *Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2038-5684
Elizabeth BandasonDepartment of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Mengli ChenInstitute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Ru YanInstitute of Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Bo FengDepartment of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Leticia B SmithDepartment of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Jeffrey G ScottDepartment of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
Genki TakamatsuDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan.
Makoto IharaDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-6403-0781
Kazuhiko MatsudaDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, Nakamachi, Nara, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1299-4570
James KlimaviczDepartment of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Joel CoatsDepartment of Entomology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA.
Eugenio E OliveiraDepartment of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Yuzhe DuDepartment of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Ke DongDepartment of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. ke.dong@duke.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-9773-6350
Michigan State University · USKindai University · JPUniversidade Federal de Viçosa · BRCornell University · USIowa State University · USZhejiang University · CNDuke University · USJiangsu University · CNWenzhou Medical University · CN

Funding

Molecular Mechanism of Pyrethroid Repellency in Drosophila Melanogaster and MosquitoesR01GM115475 · NIGMS · MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY · PI DONG, KE · 2015 to 2018
$1.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM115475
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Pyrethrum extracts from flower heads of Chrysanthemum spp. have been used worldwide in insecticides and repellents. While the molecular mechanisms of its insecticidal action are known, the molecular basis of pyrethrum repellency remains a mystery. In this study, we find that the principal components of pyrethrum, pyrethrins, and a minor component, (E)-β-farnesene (EBF), each activate a specific type of olfactory receptor neurons in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We identify Ae. aegypti odorant receptor 31 (AaOr31) as a cognate Or for EBF and find that Or31-mediated repellency is significantly synergized by pyrethrin-induced activation of voltage-gated sodium channels. Thus, pyrethrum exerts spatial repellency through a novel, dual-target mechanism. Elucidation of this two-target mechanism may have potential implications in the design and development of a new generation of synthetic repellents against major mosquito vectors of infectious diseases.

Indexed as

AedesAnimalsChrysanthemum cinerariifoliumCulicidaeGene Knockout TechniquesInsecticidesInsect RepellentsMosquito ControlMosquito VectorsNeuronsPyrethrinsReceptors, OdorantVoltage-Gated Sodium ChannelsInsecticidesInsect RepellentsPyrethrinsReceptors, OdorantVoltage-Gated Sodium Channels

Identifiers

PMID33953207
PMCPMC8099882
OpenAlexW3158697173

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.