Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33951141›Full record

ArticlePhysical therapy2021

The Meaning of Sedentary Behavior as Experienced by People in the Transition From Working Life to Retirement: An Empirical Phenomenological Study.

Caroline Eklund, Magnus L Elfström, Petra von Heideken Wågert, Anne Söderlund, Catharina Gustavsson, Sara Cederbom, Charlotta Thunborg, Helena Lööf

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Physical therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 19% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling older adults: a mixed-method review.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Sedentary Behavior Affects the Ratings of Workplace Physical Activity Sessions.Journal of healthcare, science and the humanities · 2025
    Article
  5. Observational
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. "It is Easy to do Nothing and Easy to Sit Down": Perceptions of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors During Pre-retirement.Journal of applied gerontology : the official journal of the Southern Gerontological Society · 2022
    Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Caroline EklundDivision of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9890-8249
Magnus L ElfströmDivision of Psychology, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Eskilstuna, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-5098-8489
Petra von Heideken WågertDivision of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.ORCID 000-0001-6292-7010
Anne SöderlundDivision of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-4537-030X
Catharina GustavssonCenter for Clinical Research Dalarna, Uppsala University, Falun, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-8709-4446
Sara CederbomCentre for Development, Social Welfare and Care, Västmanland County Council, Västerås, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-7778-9749
Charlotta ThunborgDepartment of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-0964-1747
Helena LööfDivision of Caring Science, School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-7018-2706
Mälardalen University · SEORCID · USSophiahemmet University College · SEUppsala University · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSedentary behavior (SB) is defined as a mean of >6 hours of daytime sitting or lying down. SB has been shown to increase with older age and is a risk factor for disease. During the transition from working life to retirement, changes in daily life activities occur, risking increased SB. The aim of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of SB in relation to the transition from working life to retirement as experienced by persons in retirement.

methodsThe study was grounded in a phenomenological life-world perspective. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants aged 64 to 75 years. Data were analyzed using the empirical phenomenological psychological method.

resultsThe participants described that voluntary sedentary time was positively related to general health and well-being, whereas involuntary sedentary time was negatively related to health. Increased sedentary time was described as natural when aging. Retirement was expressed as a time for rest after hard work and the ability to choose a slower pace in life. Internal and external demands and daily routines interrupted SB, whereas loneliness was perceived to increase SB. Participants strived to find a balance between physical activity and sedentary time. The variations in the participants' descriptions formed 3 typologies: in light of meaningful SB, in the shadow of involuntary SB, and a dual process-postponing SB with physical activity.

conclusionIncreased SB was perceived as natural when aging but something that may be postponed by conscious choices. SB was perceived as associated with health, rest, and recovery but also with the risk of deteriorating health. IMPACT: This knowledge of the experienced meaning of SB could guide the design of health promotion interventions and may be helpful in targeting those in need of support and individualizing interventions to decrease SB in retirement. LAY SUMMARY: This study reveals how persons in retirement describe sedentary behavior as something healthy but also as unhealthy and that sedentary behavior is natural in aging and can be postponed by physical activity.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHealthy AgingRetirementSedentary BehaviorAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedHealthy AgingLifestylePhenomenologyPhysical ActivitySedentary

Identifiers

PMID33951141
PMCPMC8389173
OpenAlexW3158889574

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.