Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33949940›Full record

Trial reportHealth technology assessment (Winchester, England)2021

Provision of the progestogen-only pill by community pharmacies as bridging contraception for women receiving emergency contraception: the Bridge-it RCT.

Sharon T Cameron, Anna Glasier, Lisa McDaid, Andrew Radley, Susan Patterson, Paula Baraitser, Judith Stephenson, Richard Gilson, Claire Battison, Kathleen Cowle and 7 more

Open access · diamondAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialPragmatic Clinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Health technology assessment (Winchester, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.

Sharon T CameronObstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1168-2276
Anna GlasierObstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5697-255X
Lisa McDaidInstitute for Social Science Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-7711-8723
Andrew RadleyDirectorate of Public Health, NHS Tayside, Dundee, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4772-2388
Susan PattersonMedical Research Council/Chief Scientist Office Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1846-5749
Paula BaraitserDepartment of Sexual Health, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3354-6494
Judith StephensonElizabeth Garrett Anderson Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8852-0881
Richard GilsonInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9572-193X
Claire BattisonEdinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9549-4522
Kathleen CowleCommunity pharmacy, NHS Forth Valley, UK.
Thenmalar VadivelooHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5531-6289
Anne JohnstoneObstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1886-2138
Alessandra MorelliDepartment of Sexual Health, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9803-2136
Beatriz GoulaoHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1490-7183
Mark ForrestHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-2395-8823
Alison McDonaldHealth Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-0256-2889
John NorrieEdinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9823-9252
University of Aberdeen · GBUniversity of Edinburgh · GBKing's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust · GBChief Scientist Office · GBNHS Forth Valley · GBNHS Lothian · GBNHS Tayside · GBThe University of Queensland · AUUniversity College Hospital · GBUniversity College London · GB

Funding

Department of Health 15/113/01
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionUnless women start effective contraception after using emergency contraception, they remain at risk of unintended pregnancy. Most women in the UK obtain emergency contraception from community pharmacies that are unable to provide ongoing contraception (apart from barrier methods which have high failure rates). This means that women need an appointment with a general practitioner or at a sexual and reproductive health clinic. We conducted a pragmatic cluster randomised cohort crossover trial to determine whether or not pharmacist provision of a bridging supply of a progestogen-only pill plus the invitation to attend a sexual and reproductive health clinic resulted in increased subsequent use of effective contraception (hormonal or intrauterine).

methodsTwenty-nine pharmacies in three UK cities recruited women receiving emergency contraception (levonorgestrel). In the intervention, women received a 3-month supply of the progestogen-only pill (75 µg of desogestrel) plus a card that provided rapid access to a local sexual and reproductive health clinic. In the control arm, pharmacists advised women to attend their usual contraceptive provider. The primary outcome was reported use of an effective contraception (hormonal and intrauterine methods) at 4 months. Process evaluation was also conducted to inform any future implementation.

resultsThe study took place December 2017 and June 2019 and recruited 636 women to the intervention (

conclusionProvision of a bridging supply of the progestogen-only pill with emergency contraception from a pharmacist and the invitation to a sexual and reproductive health clinic resulted in a significant increase in self-reported subsequent use of effective contraception. This simple intervention has the potential to prevent more unintended pregnancies for women after emergency contraception.

trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN70616901.

fundingThis project was funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in

Indexed as

Contraception, PostcoitalPharmaciesFemaleHumansLevonorgestrelPregnancyProgestinsLevonorgestrelProgestinsCONTRACEPTIONCONTRACEPTIVE AGENTSCROSSOVER STUDIESDESOGESTRELFEMALELEVONORGESTRELPHARMACISTSPOSTCOITALPREGNANCYREPRODUCTIVE HEALTHUNPLANNED

Identifiers

PMID33949940
PMCPMC8126983
OpenAlexW3157579824

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.