Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33949246›Full record

ArticleJournal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)2022

The epidemiology of mescaline use: Pattern of use, motivations for consumption, and perceived consequences, benefits, and acute and enduring subjective effects.

Malin Vedøy Uthaug, Alan K Davis, Trevor Forrest Haas, Dawn Davis, Sean B Dolan, Rafael Lancelotta, Christopher Timmermann, Johannes G Ramaekers

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. A contemporary exploration of motivations and practices of psychedelic use among emerging adult cannabis users in the United States: A qualitative analysis.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2026
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  18. Key Characteristics and Development of Psychoceuticals: A Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  19. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Malin Vedøy UthaugDepartment of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7903-1325
Alan K DavisCollege of Social Work, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4770-8893
Trevor Forrest HaasUniversity of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Dawn DavisDepartment of Natural Resources, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA.
Sean B DolanBehavioral Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1828-9589
Rafael LancelottaHabituating to Wholeness, Lakewood, CO, USA.
Christopher TimmermannCentre for Psychedelic Research, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK.
Johannes G RamaekersDepartment of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-4553-376X
Johns Hopkins University · USMaastricht University · NLImperial College London · GBUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Idaho · US

Funding

HUMAN BEHAVIORAL PHARMACOLOGY OF SUBSTANCE ABUSET32DA007209 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Eric C. Strain, Elise M Weerts · 1985 to 2026
$12.9M
NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007209
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundMescaline is a naturally occurring psychoactive phenethylamine found in several cacti and historically used ceremonially by Indigenous and Latin American populations. Broader recognition of its possible therapeutic value in Western science began in the 1950s; however, knowledge of the safety profile of mescaline and the extent of its use remains limited. The primary aim of this study is to examine the epidemiology of mescaline use among English-speaking adults.

methodsAbout 452 respondents completed a web-based survey designed to assess their previous experience with mescaline (subjective effects, outcome measures, and mescaline type used).

resultsMost respondents reported that they had consumed mescaline infrequently (⩽once/year), for spiritual exploration or to connect with nature (74%). A small number of respondents reported drug craving/desire (9%), whereas very few reported legal (1%), or psychological problems (1%) related to its use, and none reported seeking any medical attention. Overall, respondents rated the acute mystical-type effects as "

conclusionFindings indicate that the mescaline in any form may produce a psychedelic experience that is associated with the spiritual significance and improvements in the mental health with low potential for abuse.

Indexed as

HallucinogensMental DisordersAdultHumansMescalineMotivationSurveys and QuestionnairesHallucinogensMescaline3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamineepidemiologyMescalinesurvey

Identifiers

PMID33949246
PMCPMC8902264
OpenAlexW3159875688

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.