ArticleEuropean journal of epidemiology2021
Maternal hypertensive disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring: a population-based cohort in two Nordic countries.
Article in European journal of epidemiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and childhood neurodevelopment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Multi-Organ Phenotypes of Offspring Born Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome in pregnancy: pathophysiology and outcomes.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Risk Factors for Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Confounder-Adjusted Studies.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Article
- The Role of Complement and CD4 T Cells in Preeclampsia and Offspring Neurodevelopment.Current opinion in physiology · 2026Article
- Association of borderline hypertension defined by ACC-AHA diagnostic criteria during pregnancy with neurodevelopment in infants.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- The impact and mechanisms of preeclampsia on offspring neurodevelopment.Cell & bioscience · 2026Review
- Association of maternal endometriosis with autism spectrum disorder in offspring: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a novel prediction model for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy based on maternal cardiovascular function and placental blood flow metrics at 22 to 24 gestational weeks using machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Valproate-Induced Autism and Sexual Hormone Disturbances: A Literature Review and Hypotheses.Neurochemical research · 2025Review
- Prenatal exposure to maternal hypertension and higher body mass index and risks of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders during childhood.Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy increase neonatal cerebral regional tissue oxygen saturation in the early postnatal period: partial mediation by preterm birth.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Gaps in the usage and reporting of multiple imputation for incomplete data: findings from a scoping review of observational studies addressing causal questions.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Association of maternal hypertension during pregnancy with brain structure and behavioral problems in early adolescence.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Maternal Hypertensive Disorder in Pregnancy and Childhood Strabismus in Offspring.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Prenatal environmental adversity and child neurodevelopmental delay: the role of maternal low-grade systemic inflammation and maternal anti-inflammatory diet.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2024Article
- Maternal diabetes and risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring in a multinational cohort of 3.6 million mother-child pairs.Nature medicine · 2024Article
- Preeclampsia Onset, Days to Delivery, and Autism Spectrum Disorders in Offspring: Clinical Birth Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Maternal immune suppression during pregnancy does not prevent abnormal behavior in offspring.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Neurodevelopmental Disruptions in Children of Preeclamptic Mothers: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Consequences.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Maternal hypertensive disorders during pregnancy (HDP) have been associated with neuropsychiatric problems in offspring. We aim to investigate the associations between specific types of maternal HDP and offspring neurodevelopmental disorders and further examine whether the timing of onset and severity of HDP would affect these associations. The study population consisted of 4,489,044 live-born singletons in Denmark during 1978-2012 and Sweden during 1987-2010. Maternal HDP was categorized into chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, and pre-eclampsia; pre-eclampsia was further stratified according to timing (early-onset, late-onset), or severity (moderate, severe) of the disease. Neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and intellectual disability (ID), were defined by ICD-coded register diagnosis. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) while adjusting for potential confounders, and sibling analyses assessed the influence of unmeasured shared familial factors. Maternal HDP was associated with increased risks of ADHD (HR, 1.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.28), ASD (1.29 [1.24-1.34]), and ID (1.58 [1.50-1.66]) in offspring, respectively, which was mostly driven by pre-eclampsia. The strongest associations were observed for early-onset and severe pre-eclampsia, and the corresponding HRs for ADHD, ASD and ID were 1.93 [1.73-2.16], 1.86 [1.61-2.15], and 3.99 [3.42-4.65], respectively. The results were similar in the sibling analyses. The associations between maternal HDP and offspring neurodevelopmental disorders were consistent across the subgroups of sex, preterm status, parity, maternal age and psychiatric disorders. Maternal HDP, especially early-onset pre-eclampsia, are associated with increased risks of ADHD, ASD, and ID in particular, independent of shared familial factors.
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Registered trials
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