Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33948610›Full record

ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2021

Longitudinal analysis shows durable and broad immune memory after SARS-CoV-2 infection with persisting antibody responses and memory B and T cells.

Kristen W Cohen, Susanne L Linderman, Zoe Moodie, Julie Czartoski, Lilin Lai, Grace Mantus, Carson Norwood, Lindsay E Nyhoff, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Katharine Floyd and 23 more

Abstract readPreprint
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

33 authors.

Kristen W CohenVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Susanne L LindermanEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Zoe MoodieVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Julie CzartoskiVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Lilin LaiCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Grace MantusCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Carson NorwoodCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Lindsay E NyhoffCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Venkata Viswanadh EdaraCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Katharine FloydCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Stephen C De RosaVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Hasan AhmedDepartment of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Rachael WhaleyVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Shivan N PatelDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Brittany PrigmoreVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Maria P LemosVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Carl W DavisEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Sarah FurthVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
James O'KeefeEmory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Mohini P GharpureEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Sivaram GunisettyEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Kathy A StephensVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.
Rustom AntiaDepartment of Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Veronika I ZarnitsynaEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
David S StephensEmory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Srilatha EdupugantiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Nadine RouphaelDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Hope Clinic of Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
Evan J AndersonCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Aneesh K MehtaEmory University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Jens WrammertCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Mehul S SutharCenter for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University Department of Pediatrics Department of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Rafi AhmedEmory Vaccine Center and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
M Juliana McElrathVaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.

Funding

LC: HIV Vaccine Trials NetworkUM1AI068618 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Margaret Juliana McElrath · 2011 to 2026
$483.6M
Yerkes National Primate Research Center Role of type-I IFN in regulating COVID-19 induced inflammation and pathogenesisP51OD011132 · OD · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Joon Sup Lee · 2012 to 2026
$167.0M
VACCINE INDUCED IMMUNITY IN THE YOUNG AND AGEDU19AI057266 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Rafi Ahmed · 2003 to 2026
$81.7M
Systems Biological Analysis of Innate and Adaptive Responses to VaccinationU19AI090023 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI AHMED, RAFI, LI, SHUZHAO · 2010 to 2021
$45.0M
Seattle Vaccine Trials UnitUM1AI069481 · NIAID · FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER RESEARCH CENTER · PI Rachel Ann Bender Ignacio, Margaret Juliana McElrath · 2012 to 2026
$24.4M
Project-004U54CA260563 · NCI · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI SANZ, IGNACIO E. · 2020 to 2024
$10.2M
Training a New Generation of VaccinologistsT32AI074492 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Rama Rao Amara, Benjamin A Lopman · 2009 to 2026
$6.4M
NCI NIH HHS U54 CA260563NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI074492NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI057266NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI090023NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI068618NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI069481NIH HHS P51 OD011132
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ending the COVID-19 pandemic will require long-lived immunity to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we evaluate 254 COVID-19 patients longitudinally up to eight months and find durable broad-based immune responses. SARS-CoV-2 spike binding and neutralizing antibodies exhibit a bi-phasic decay with an extended half-life of >200 days suggesting the generation of longer-lived plasma cells. SARS-CoV-2 infection also boosts antibody titers to SARS-CoV-1 and common betacoronaviruses. In addition, spike-specific IgG+ memory B cells persist, which bodes well for a rapid antibody response upon virus re-exposure or vaccination. Virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are polyfunctional and maintained with an estimated half-life of 200 days. Interestingly, CD4+ T cell responses equally target several SARS-CoV-2 proteins, whereas the CD8+ T cell responses preferentially target the nucleoprotein, highlighting the potential importance of including the nucleoprotein in future vaccines. Taken together, these results suggest that broad and effective immunity may persist long-term in recovered COVID-19 patients.

Indexed as

AntibodyB cellsCD4+ T cellsCD8+ T cellsCOVID-19Endemic coronavirusesImmune memoryKineticsNeutralizationRBDSARS-CoV-2Spike

Identifiers

PMID33948610
PMCPMC8095229

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.