ArticleAnnals of gastroenterology2021
Women remain underrepresented in leadership positions in academic gastroenterology throughout the United States.
Article in Annals of gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Disparities in Osteopathic Representation Within Gastroenterology Fellowships.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- Regional Differences Exist in Gender Representation Among GI Trainees and Faculty in the United States.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2026Article
- [Women in Gastroenterology - Current Status from a German Survey: Why Waiting Is Not an Option].Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie · 2026Article
- Towards equality for women in gastroenterology practice.Indian journal of gastroenterology : official journal of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Women in gastroenterology: what is the current situation? Results of a Polish National Survey.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2026Article
- Article
- Program Director Gender and Female Representation in United States Anesthesiology Residency Programs: A Website Content Analysis.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Article
- Disparities in Gender and Race Representation Among Authors of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Trials.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2025Article
- Balancing Panels: Lets Call on Women Speakers.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Gender, Marital, and Parental Barriers to Pursuing Gastroenterology Fellowship: A Multicenter Analysis of a National Survey and Actionable Solutions.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2025Article
- What it takes to become a physician scientist in a low- and middle-income country.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Gender, Race, and Regional Disparities in Leading Authorships of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2024Article
- Women in Gastroenterology: What Is the Current Situation? Results of an Italian National Survey.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2024Article
- Female Presidents in American Gastroenterology Societies: An Upward Trend.Gastro hep advances · 2023Review
- Editorial: Women in gastrointestinal and hepatic pharmacology 2022.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Journey of Women in Gastroenterology in South Asian Countries: From Training to Leadership.Euroasian journal of hepato-gastroenterologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPublication history is a key factor in securing academic promotion, but historical underrepresentation of women in gastroenterology may be an ongoing obstacle to achieving gender parity in leadership positions.
methodsWe carried out a cross-sectional study of gastroenterology programs in the United States, with data including faculty and trainee names, leadership positions, Hirsch indices, and year of first gastroenterology certification gathered from 1 February 2020 to 1 March 2020. Our outcomes of interest were: 1) sex representation in various leadership positions in academic gastroenterology departments; and 2) mean difference in Hirsch indices between men and women, for which we used univariate and multivariate regression models.
resultsOur cohort included 3655 faculty members and trainees across 163 academic gastroenterology programs in the United States. Women comprised 28.7% (1049/3655) of the cohort, including 713/2657 (26.8%) of faculty and 56/289 (19.4%) of all fellowship program directors and divisional/departmental chairs and chiefs. Male faculty had higher mean Hirsch indices compared to women (11.4 vs. 5.5, P<0.001), and when adjusted for year of first gastroenterology certification, men had a larger Hirsch index by 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.3-4.1, P<0.001). Women were also underrepresented in various subspecialties of gastroenterology, particularly advanced endoscopy.
conclusionsWomen in academic gastroenterology remain underrepresented in leadership positions and have lower Hirsch indices than men. Our findings may stem not only from differences in mentorship and career goals, but also from underlying structural factors that disadvantage women.
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