Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33947727›Full record

Observational studyBMJ open2021

Increasing prevalence of NAFLD/NASH among children, adolescents and young adults from 1990 to 2017: a population-based observational study.

Xin Zhang, Mingshan Wu, Zhenqiu Liu, Huangbo Yuan, Xuefu Wu, Tingting Shi, Xingdong Chen, Tiejun Zhang

Open access · goldAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
77citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
16.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

77 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 128 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Association of Genetic Variants inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
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17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Xin Zhang *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID 0000-0002-4814-6207
Mingshan Wu *Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Zhenqiu LiuState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Huangbo YuanDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xuefu WuDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Tingting ShiDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Xingdong ChenState Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Tiejun ZhangDepartment of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China tjzhang@shmu.edu.cn.
Fudan University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo describe the prevalence and variations of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NAFLD/NASH) among children and adolescents (CADs) and young adults (YADs).

designA population-based observational study.

settingAnnual cases and prevalence of NAFLD/NASH from 1990 to 2017, by sex, region and country were collected from the Global Burden of Disease database.

main outcome measuresThe estimated annual percentage change, which was calculated by a regression line, was used to quantify the temporal trends in NAFLD/NASH burden among young people at the global, regional and national levels.

resultsGlobally, NAFLD/NASH incidence increased from 19.34 million in 1990 to 29.49 million in 2017 among CADs, with an annual increase of 1.35%. Additionally, in YADs, the number of cases and NAFLD/NASH prevalence significantly increased during this period, independent of sex and region. The greatest NAFLD/NASH increase was in North Africa and the Middle East. Almost all countries showed an increasing trend from 1990 to 2017, with the most pronounced increase observed in the developed regions.

conclusionsThe epidemiology of NAFLD/NASH in young people has changed considerably over the last three decades. Both the prevalence and number of cases have increased irrespective of sex, age and region. This phenomenon can result in a predictable increase in chronic liver disease burden in the near future. Understanding the prevalence of NAFLD/NASH and its variations is of paramount importance to develop strategies to implement public health policy.

Indexed as

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseAdolescentAfrica, NorthernChildHumansIncidenceMiddle EastPrevalenceYoung Adultepidemiologyhepatobiliary diseasehepatology

Identifiers

PMID33947727
PMCPMC8098935
OpenAlexW3157208641

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.