ArticlePathogens (Basel, Switzerland)2021
Seasonal Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in Biological Fluids.
Article in Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Trial
- Inactivation Effects of Hypochlorous Acid, Chlorine Dioxide, and Ozone on Airborne SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza A Virus.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Natural and socio-environmental factors in the transmission of COVID-19: a comprehensive analysis of epidemiology and mechanisms.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Seroevidence of SARS-CoV-2 spillback to rodents in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.BMC veterinary research · 2024Article
- Comparative evaluation of assay performance for SARS-CoV-2 detection in animal oral samples, lung homogenates, and phosphate-buffered saline using the TaqPath COVID-19 Combo kit.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2024Article
- Associations between meteorological factors and COVID-19: a global scoping review.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- SARS-CoV-2 transmission modes: Why and how contamination occurs around shared meals and drinks?Food microbiology · 2023Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Survival on Surfaces. Measurements Optimisation for an Enthalpy-Based Assessment of the Risk.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Stability of SARS-CoV-2 in Biological Fluids of Animals.Viruses · 2023Article
- Systematic Review of the Key Factors Influencing the Indoor Airborne Spread of SARS-CoV-2.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Fomite Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and Its Contributing Factors.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Ancestral Lineage of SARS-CoV-2 Is More Stable in Human Biological Fluids than Alpha, Beta, and Omicron Variants of Concern.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in the workplace: Key findings from a rapid review of the literature.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2023Article
- Interspecies transmission of SARS CoV-2 with special emphasis on viral mutations and ACE-2 receptor homology roles.International journal of veterinary science and medicine · 2023Review
- Disinfection and decontamination in the context of SARS-CoV-2-specific data.Journal of medical virology · 2022Review
- Ancestral lineage of SARS-CoV-2 is more stable in human biological fluids than Alpha, Beta and Omicron variants of concern.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2022Article
- Repurposing antiviral phytochemicals from the leaf extracts of Spondias mombin (Linn) towards the identification of potential SARSCOV-2 inhibitors.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- BNT162b2 vaccine induces antibody release in saliva: a possible role for mucosal viral protection?EMBO molecular medicine · 2022Article
- Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infections and exposure in surfaces, points and wastewaters: A global one health perspective.Case studies in chemical and environmental engineering · 2022Article
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Abstract
The transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs by close contact with infected persons through droplets, the inhalation of infectious aerosols, and the exposure to contaminated surfaces. Previously, we determined the virus stability on different types of surfaces under indoor and seasonal climatic conditions. SARS-CoV-2 survived the longest on surfaces under winter conditions, followed by spring/fall and summer conditions, suggesting the seasonal pattern of stability on surfaces. However, under natural conditions, the virus is secreted in various biological fluids from infected humans. In this respect, it remains unclear how long the virus survives in various types of biological fluids. This study explores SARS-CoV-2 stability in virus-spiked human biological fluids under different environmental conditions by determining the virus half-life. The virus was stable for up to 21 days in nasal mucus, sputum, saliva, tear, urine, blood, and semen; it remained infectious significantly longer under winter and spring/fall conditions than under summer conditions. In contrast, the virus was only stable up to 24 h in feces and breast milk. These findings demonstrate the potential risk of infectious biological fluids in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and have implications for its seasonality.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.