ArticleJournal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)2021
Glargine versus regular insulin protocol in feline diabetic ketoacidosis.
Article in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- iCatCare 2025 consensus guidelines on the diagnosis and management of diabetes mellitus in cats.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2025Guideline
- Glargine versus regular insulin protocol in feline diabetic ketoacidosis.Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001) · 2021Article
- Rational approach to feline medical emergencies: part 2.Journal of feline medicine and surgeryReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether basal-bolus administration of glargine insulin is a safe and effective alternative treatment compared to the standard continuous rate infusion (CRI) protocol.
designProspective randomized clinical trial.
settingUniversity teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Twenty cats diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
interventionsThe cats were block-randomized to either a CRI protocol using regular insulin (CRI-group; n = 10) or a basal-bolus SC and IM glargine protocol (glargine-group, n = 10). Baseline blood gases, electrolytes, glucose, and β-hydroxybutyrate (β-OHB) concentrations were measured at the time of admission and later at predefined intervals until reaching the primary endpoint of the study, defined as a β-hydroxybutyrate concentration < 2.55 mmol/L. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsThe main outcome measure was time (h) to resolution of ketonemia. Secondary outcome measures were time until first improvement of hyperglycemia and ketonemia, decrease of glucose to ≤13.9 mmol/L (250 mg/dL), resolution of acidosis, consumption of first meal, and discharge from hospital. Additionally, occurrence of treatment-associated adverse events and death were compared. Seventeen cats (85%) survived to discharge, with no difference in survival between groups (P = 1.0). Median times to β-OHB < 2.55 mmol/L were 42 (CRI-group) and 30 (glargine-group) hours, respectively (P = 0.114). Median times to first improvement of hyperglycemia (glargine-group: 2 h; CRI-group: 6 h; P = 0.018) and until discharge from hospital (glargine-group: 140 h; CRI-group: 174 h; P = 0.033) were significantly shorter in the glargine-group. No significant differences were observed in any other parameter under investigation (P > 0.05).
conclusionsBasal-bolus administration of glargine insulin appears to be an effective and safe alternative to the current standard CRI-protocol for the management of DKA in cats. The positive outcomes and simplicity make it a viable option for the treatment of feline DKA.
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