Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33944694›Full record

ArticleJournal of psychoactive drugs

Latent Class Analysis and Predictors of Marijuana Use among Reservation-based American Indian High School Students.

Randall C Swaim, Linda R Stanley

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of psychoactive drugs. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
3.0field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. A structural equation model test of affect, family warmth, and substance use among American Indian reservation-based adolescents.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Randall C SwaimDepartment of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Linda R StanleyDepartment of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Colorado State University · US

Funding

Substance Use Among American Indian Youth: Epidemiology & EtiologyR01DA003371 · NIDA · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY-FORT COLLINS · PI Meghan A Crabtree, KIMBERLY L HENRY · 1985 to 2026
$13.7M
NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA003371
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

American Indian (AI) youth residing on reservations report higher rates of marijuana use compared to national youth. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify unique types of marijuana use among 2,884 AI high school students surveyed from 26 schools across six indigenous geographic regions. Predictors of class membership were then assessed using social, cultural, and individual measures relevant to adolescent substance use. Classes and predictors were examined separately for males and females. Four-class models fit the data best for both male and female AI students. Classes differed by sex, as did predictors. Overall, social predictors related to family and peers and the individual predictor, using marijuana to cope, were the best predictors of class membership. Based on these results, prevention and intervention efforts should provide alternative coping methods for these adolescents who often live in difficult situations, and should focus on encouraging parents to effectively monitor their adolescent children and communicate clear sanctions against marijuana use.

Indexed as

Indians, North AmericanMarijuana UseSubstance-Related DisordersAdolescentAmerican Indian or Alaska NativeChildFemaleHumansLatent Class AnalysisMaleStudentsAmerican Indianlatent class analysismarijuanapredictors

Identifiers

PMID33944694
PMCPMC8566322
OpenAlexW3159270655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.