ArticleThe ISME journal2021
Chlorine disinfection facilitates natural transformation through ROS-mediated oxidative stress.
Article in The ISME journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 277 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasmid-Host Networks Reveal Persistent Mobile Elements Across Wastewater Treatment.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Humic acid's sheltering effect paradoxically promotes antibiotic resistance gene dissemination during peroxymonosulfate water treatment.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genetic determinants of disinfectant and antibiotic resistance, and virulence factors in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from a pasteurized crab canning environment.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Polyacrylamide hydrogel-immobilizedApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Resilience of recombinant antibiotic resistance gene-containing plasmids against common cell culture disposal methods.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Osmotic Stress Adaptation of Poultry-AssociatedFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Waterborne pathogen mitigation: Decoding techno-ecological synergies in multiscale transmission networks.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- Silica Nanoparticles Block Natural Genetic Transformation inACS omega · 2025Article
- Pelagic Shuttles of Antibiotic Resistance Genes: Zooplankton as Overlooked Vectors Across Space and Food Webs.Microbial ecology · 2025Review
- Molecular Mechanism of Action of HOCl from Neutral-pH Electrolysed Oxidising Water AgainstJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Antibiotic Resistome Changes Associated with Different Types of Corrosion Inhibitors When Chlorine is Used as a Disinfectant.ACS ES&T engineering · 2025Article
- A simplified, one step technique for disinfection of non-hardened rainbow trout eggs with tosylchloramide (Chloramine T) and peroxide (Wofasteril) compounds and the effects on bacterial load and microbiome composition in comparison to iodophore disinfection.Journal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2025Article
- Disinfectants and one health review: The role of reactive oxygen species in the bactericidal activity of chlorine againstOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Review
- Biocides as drivers of antibiotic resistance: A critical review of environmental implications and public health risks.Environmental science and ecotechnology · 2025Review
- Impacts of Naphthenic Acids (NAs) Exposure on Soil Bacterial Community and Antibiotic Resistance Genes (ARGs) Dissemination.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Microbial community structure and resistome dynamics on elevator buttons in response to surface disinfection practices.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Evaluating the effects of hospital wastewater treatment on bacterial composition and antimicrobial resistome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Efficacy of sodium hypochlorite and peracetic acid in reducing cross-contamination during washing of baby spinach at different water quality levels.Journal of food science · 2025Article
- Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate the Bactericidal Activity of Chlorine Against Salmonella.Current microbiology · 2024Article
- Bisphenol S Promotes the Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes via Transformation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The bacterial infection that involves antimicrobial resistance is a rising global threat to public health. Chlorine-based water disinfection processes can inactivate antibiotic resistant bacteria. However, at the same time, these processes may cause the release of antibiotic resistance genes into the water as free DNA, and consequently increase the risk to disseminate antibiotic resistance via natural transformation. Presently, little is known about the contribution of residual chlorine affecting the transformation of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study investigates whether chloramine and free chlorine promote the transformation of ARGs and how this may occur. We reveal that both chloramine and free chlorine, at practically relevant concentrations, significantly stimulated the transformation of plasmid-encoded ARGs by the recipient Acinetobacter baylyi ADP1, by up to a 10-fold increase. The underlying mechanisms underpinning the increased transformations were revealed. Disinfectant exposure induced a series of cell responses, including increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), bacterial membrane damage, ROS-mediated DNA damage, and increased stress response. These effects thus culminated in the enhanced transformation of ARGs. This promoted transformation was observed when exposing disinfectant-pretreated A. baylyi to free plasmid. In contrast, after pretreating free plasmid with disinfectants, the transformation of ARGs decreased due to the damage of plasmid integrity. These findings provide important insight on the roles of disinfectants affecting the horizontal transfer of ARGs, which could be crucial in the management of antibiotic resistance in our water systems.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.