Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33941687›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021

Reversed-engineered human alveolar lung-on-a-chip model.

Di Huang, Tingting Liu, Junlong Liao, Sushila Maharjan, Xin Xie, Montserrat Pérez, Ingrid Anaya, Shiwei Wang, Alan Tirado Mayer, Zhixin Kang and 9 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
100citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
15.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

100 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 235 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. New developments and applications of human organoids.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Organ-on-a-chip toxicology.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
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  19. Article
  20. Article

40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors at 5 institutions in 6 countries.

Di HuangDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0001-8123-9766
Tingting LiuDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0001-8409-040X
Junlong LiaoDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0002-0965-6431
Sushila MaharjanDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0003-3957-3976
Xin XieDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Montserrat PérezDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0003-1984-3748
Ingrid AnayaDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0001-8483-2696
Shiwei WangDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Alan Tirado MayerDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0002-3465-6740
Zhixin KangDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Weijia KongDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Valerio Luca MainardiDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Carlos Ezio Garciamendez-MijaresDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.
Germán García MartínezDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139.ORCID 0000-0002-4477-6877
Matteo MorettiRegenerative Medicine Technologies Lab, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Lugano 6900, Switzerland.
Weijia ZhangDepartment of Cardiac Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0000-0001-6928-0416
Zhongze GuState Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, People's Republic of China.
Amir M GhaemmaghamiImmunology and Immuno-Bioengineering Group, School of Life Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0003-3160-8759
Yu Shrike ZhangDivision of Engineering in Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139; yszhang@research.bwh.harvard.edu.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USEnte Ospedaliero Cantonale · CHShanghai Medical College of Fudan University · CNState Key Laboratory of Digital Medical EngineeringUniversity of Nottingham · GB

Funding

National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research NC/K500318/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Here, we present a physiologically relevant model of the human pulmonary alveoli. This alveolar lung-on-a-chip platform is composed of a three-dimensional porous hydrogel made of gelatin methacryloyl with an inverse opal structure, bonded to a compartmentalized polydimethylsiloxane chip. The inverse opal hydrogel structure features well-defined, interconnected pores with high similarity to human alveolar sacs. By populating the sacs with primary human alveolar epithelial cells, functional epithelial monolayers are readily formed. Cyclic strain is integrated into the device to allow biomimetic breathing events of the alveolar lung, which, in addition, makes it possible to investigate pathological effects such as those incurred by cigarette smoking and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pseudoviral infection. Our study demonstrates a unique method for reconstitution of the functional human pulmonary alveoli in vitro, which is anticipated to pave the way for investigating relevant physiological and pathological events in the human distal lung.

Indexed as

Lab-On-A-Chip DevicesModels, BiologicalAlveolar Epithelial CellsAntiviral AgentsCigarette SmokingDimethylpolysiloxanesGelatinHumansHydrogelsMethacrylatesPorosityPulmonary AlveoliRespirationRespiratory MucosaSARS-CoV-2Antiviral AgentsbaysilonDimethylpolysiloxanesGelatingelatin methacryloylHydrogelsMethacrylatesalveolidistal lunginverse opallung-on-a-chipthree-dimensional

Identifiers

PMID33941687
PMCPMC8126776
OpenAlexW3158636380

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.