ArticleHuman resources for health2021
Conceptual framework for task shifting and task sharing: an international Delphi study.
Article in Human resources for health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 87 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
87 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of combining psychological prevention interventions with interventions that address the social determinants of mental health in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Nurse-led task-shifting strategies to substitute for mental health specialists in primary care: A systematic review.International journal of nursing practice · 2022Pooled it
- Patient perspectives on group problem management plus for adults with major depressive disorder in rural Malawi.Global health action · 2025Trial
- Comparing Mediators and Moderators of Mental Health Outcomes from the Implementation of Group Problem Management Plus (PM+) among Venezuelan Refugees and Migrants and Colombian Returnees in Northern Colombia.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Trial
- Task shifting from general practitioners to nurses and the association with patient flow and resource use in out-of-hours primary care clinics: a descriptive register-based study.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Distinguishing task shifting from task sharing through the delegating provider's presence or absence: proposed operational definitions.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Investigating the Potential Effects of Medical AI Systems on Physician Autonomy: Pretest of a Semistructured Qualitative Interview Guide.JMIR formative research · 2026Article
- Task Shifting and Sharing in Indian Mental Health: Four Case Studies Through the Lens of the SHIFT-SHARE Framework.Community mental health journal · 2026Article
- Capacity building through workforce training and community engagement for Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, and Anaesthesia (SOTA) care: Case studies from South Asia.Dialogues in health · 2026Review
- Examples of Systemic Solutions for Skill-Mix Issues-An Analysis of International Experiences with a Focus on Rural Areas.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Early feasibility of telemedicine-based mental health wellbeing centers: an implementation study in district and sub-district health facilities in Bangladesh.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Monitoring and evaluation strategies for surgical task-shifting and task-sharing interventions: a scoping review.Human resources for health · 2026Article
- An updated framework for task shifting and sharing: refining the SHIFT-SHARE based on stakeholder feedback from India.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- The professionalisation paradox: retaining the health advantages of community-based providers in task shifting and task sharing initiatives.Human resources for health · 2026Article
- Core Elements of the Stunting Prevention Model to Improve Adolescents' Quality of Life.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2026Article
- From healing to leading: a case study of a community-led mental health program for forcibly displaced people.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Perceived benefits of implementing a caregiver-led training programme for caregivers of children with cerebral palsy in rural Mangochi, Malawi: a qualitative exploration.The Pan African medical journal · 2026Article
- Navigating mental health needs at sea: Perspectives from the Canadian maritime community during the COVID-19 pandemic.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- 'Empowerment' as a proximal implementation outcome for task shifting with informal cadres: findings from a qualitative study with traditional healers in rural Uganda.Implementation science communications · 2025Article
- Implementation of a task-shifting and task sharing intervention: A case of ward assistants in Kenyan neonatal units.International journal of nursing studies · 2025Article
27 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTask shifting and sharing (TS/S) involves the redistribution of health tasks within workforces and communities. Conceptual frameworks lay out the key factors, constructs, and variables involved in a given phenomenon, as well as the relationships between those factors. Though TS/S is a leading strategy to address health worker shortages and improve access to services worldwide, a conceptual framework for this approach is lacking.
methodsWe used an online Delphi process to engage an international panel of scholars with experience in knowledge synthesis concerning TS/S and develop a conceptual framework for TS/S. We invited 55 prospective panelists to participate in a series of questionnaires exploring the purpose of TS/S and the characteristics of contexts amenable to TS/S programmes. Panelist responses were analysed and integrated through an iterative process to achieve consensus on the elements included in the conceptual framework.
resultsThe panel achieved consensus concerning the included concepts after three Delphi rounds among 15 panelists. The COATS Framework (Concepts and Opportunities to Advance Task Shifting and Task Sharing) offers a refined definition of TS/S and a general purpose statement to guide TS/S programmes. COATS describes that opportunities for health system improvement arising from TS/S programmes depending on the implementation context, and enumerates eight necessary conditions and important considerations for implementing TS/S programmes.
conclusionThe COATS Framework offers a conceptual model for TS/S programmes. The COATS Framework is comprehensive and adaptable, and can guide refinements in policy, programme development, evaluation, and research to improve TS/S globally.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.