ArticleBMC public health2021
Time trends in HPV vaccination according to country background: a nationwide register-based study among girls in Norway.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drivers of human papillomavirus vaccine uptake in migrant populations and interventions to improve coverage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Lancet. Public health · 2025Pooled it
- Are there any sociodemographic factors associated with non-uptake of HPV vaccination of girls in high-income countries with school-based vaccination programmes? A systematic review.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2025Pooled it
- Defining the determinants of vaccine uptake and undervaccination in migrant populations in Europe to improve routine and COVID-19 vaccine uptake: a systematic review.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2022Pooled it
- Continuity of Vaccination Across the Life Course: Poland in Comparison with Selected EU/EEA Countries and the United Kingdom.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Awareness of HPV, HPV vaccine and associated factors among male junior high school students in Zhejiang Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Delayed access to COVID-19 vaccination among migrants in Spain during 2021: an electronic health records-based study.Journal of migration and health · 2026Article
- Childhood vaccination among Polish immigrants in Norway: a qualitative study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- High coverage and adherence to dose intervals of the national school-based HPV vaccination program in Sweden during 2012-2019.Preventive medicine reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Sociodemographic determinants of catch-up HPV vaccination completion between 2016-2019 in Norway.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Article
- Gender Differences in Knowledge and Attitude towards HPV and HPV Vaccine among College Students in Wenzhou, China.Vaccines · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSince the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was introduced in Norway in 2009, the vaccine uptake has increased. Whether this increase is similar regardless of the girls' country background is unknown. We examined changes in HPV vaccine uptake from 2009 to 2014 and studied the impact of parental education and income on HPV vaccine uptake according to country background.
methodsGirls in the first six birth cohorts (1997-2002) eligible for HPV vaccination were identified through the National Registry. Information on HPV vaccination, country background and socioeconomic factors was extracted from the Norwegian Immunisation Registry and Statistics Norway. Risk differences (RDs) and confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with linear binomial regression. A total of 177,387 girls were included in the study.
resultsThe HPV vaccine uptake increased from 72.5% in 2009 to 87.3% in 2014. The uptake increased for girls in all country background categories. Highest vaccine uptake was observed in girls with East-/South-East Asian background, 88.9% versus 82.5% in the total population. Vaccine uptake decreased slightly with increasing parental education, RD = - 1.6% (95% CI: - 2.3% to - 0.8%) for highest compared with lowest education level. In contrast, the uptake increased with increasing household income, RD = 4.9% (95% CI, 4.3 to 5.5%) for highest compared with lowest quintile. Parental education had largest impact in girls with Asian background, RD = - 8.1% (95% CI - 10.5% to - 5.6%) for higher vs lower education. The largest impact of household income was observed in girls with background from Middle East/Africa, RD for a 200,000 NOK increase in income was 2.1% (95% CI 1.2 to 3.0%).
conclusionsThe HPV vaccine uptake differed with country background but increased over time in all country background categories. Moreover, the impact of education and income on vaccine uptake differed with country background.
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