ArticleBMC gastroenterology2021
Gene expression profiling of inflammatory cytokines in esophageal biopsies of different phenotypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a cross-sectional study.
Article in BMC gastroenterology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic inflammatory biomarkers in gastroesophageal reflux disease: current evidence and future perspectives.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Neuro-immune-epithelial pathways involving substance P may contribute to mucosal pathology in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Pathogenesis of Barrett's Esophagus: Evolving and Emerging Mechanisms.Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America · 2026Review
- Introducing Prostaglandin Endoperoxide Synthase-2 as a Remarkable Player in the Development of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2026Article
- A Role for High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) Release in the Pathogenesis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease.Neurogastroenterology and motility · 2025Article
- Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Risk of Incident Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis of pepsin-induced gastroesophageal reflux disease with advanced diagnostic tools and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Exploring the Mechanisms of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Based on the Brain-Gut Axis Theory.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Multidimensional mechanisms and therapies underlying gastroesophageal reflux disease: focus on immunity, signaling pathways, and the microbiota-gut-brain axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Esophageal microbial dysbiosis impairs mucosal barrier integrity via toll-like receptor 2 pathway in patients with gastroesophageal reflux symptoms.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Article
- IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the Development of Erosive Esophagitis and Symptom Perception in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) for Prevention of Gastroesophageal Inflammation: Insights from In Vitro Models.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Mucosal neuroimmune mechanisms in gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) pathogenesis.Journal of gastroenterology · 2024Review
- Mechanisms of Chinese Medicine in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Treatment: Data Mining and Systematic Pharmacology Study.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2023Article
- Causal association of gastroesophageal reflux disease with obstructive sleep apnea and sleep-related phenotypes: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
- Local inflammatory response to gastroesophageal reflux: Association of gene expression of inflammatory cytokines with esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH data.World journal of clinical cases · 2022Article
- Herbal Medicine Hewei Jiangni Decoction Is Noninferior to Oral Omeprazole for the Treatment of Nonerosive Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Double-Dummy Controlled Trail.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2022Article
- Network Pharmacology Analysis of Hewei Jiangni Granule for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Experimental Verification of Its Anti-Neurogenic Inflammation Mechanism.Drug design, development and therapy · 2022Article
- Identification of Unique Transcriptomic Signatures and Hub Genes Through RNA Sequencing and Integrated WGCNA and PPI Network Analysis in Nonerosive Reflux Disease.Journal of inflammation research · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe clinical endoscopic phenotypes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are classified as Barrett's esophagus (BE), erosive esophagitis (EE) and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). NERD is subclassified as abnormal acid exposure (AAE) and normal acid exposure (NAE) based on pH monitoring study results. The aim of this study was to characterize genes involved in the pathophysiology and immune response of GERD.
methodsThis is an observational and cross-sectional study. All patients with BE, EE, AAE, and NAE and a control group were subjected to superior endoscopy (with biopsies of esophageal mucosa). Relative mRNA quantification of cytokine and target genes was conducted by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). Changes in the expression of genes associated with inflammation were assessed for each disease phenotype. Statistical analysis of differential gene expression was performed using the Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant.
resultsA total of 82 patients were included and were divided into the following groups: Group BE, 16 (19.51%); Group EE, 23 (28.04%); Group AAE, 13 (15.86%); NAE 13 (15.86%); and Control Group, 17 (20.73%). Compared with the control group, patients with BE exhibited increased IL-8 expression (p < 0.05) and increased levels of IL-10, MMP-3, and MMP-9. Patients with EE exhibited increased levels of IL-1B, IL-6 and IL-10 (p < 0.05), and patients with AAE exhibited increased expression of IL-1B, IL-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α (p < 0.05). AAE exhibited increased IL-1B and TNF-α expression compared with NAE (p < 0.05).
conclusionThis study demonstrates the differential expression of mediators of inflammation in the esophageal mucosa of patients with different GERD endoscopic phenotypes. IL-1B and TNF-α could be useful to differentially diagnose AAE and NAE in the non-erosive phenotype using endoscopic biopsies.
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