ArticleStroke2021
Race Differences in High-Grade Carotid Artery Stenosis.
Article in Stroke, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Using natural language processing to extract carotid stenosis severity from clinical notes to create a nationwide veteran cohort.JVS-vascular insights · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis is Associated With Mobility Dysfunction: Results From the InChianti Study.Vascular and endovascular surgery · 2025Article
- Carotid Artery Stenting Outcomes by Neurointerventional Surgeons (CASONI).Stroke (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2025Article
- Cognitive impairment in asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis is associated with abnormal segments in the Circle of Willis.Journal of vascular surgery · 2024Article
- Unstable Plaque is a Treatable Cause of Cognitive Decline.Medical hypotheses · 2024Article
- William M. Feinberg Lecture: Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: Current and Future Considerations.Stroke · 2024Review
- Social Determinants of Health Framework to Identify and Reduce Barriers to Imaging in Marginalized Communities.Radiology · 2024Review
- Socioeconomic status fails to account for worse outcomes in non-Hispanic black patients undergoing carotid revascularization.Journal of vascular surgery · 2023Article
- Carotid Artery Disease Among Broadly Defined Underrepresented Groups: The All of Us Research Program.Stroke · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Despite a higher incidence of stroke and a more adverse cardiovascular risk factor profile in Blacks and Hispanics compared with Whites, carotid artery revascularization is performed less frequently among these subpopulations. We assessed racial differences in high-grade (≥70% diameter-reducing) carotid stenosis. Methods: Consecutive clients in a Nationwide Life Line for-Profit Service to screen for vascular disease, 2005 to 2019 were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. The prevalence of high-grade stenosis, defined by a carotid ultrasound peak systolic velocity of ≥230 cm/s, was assessed. Participants self-identified as White, Black, Hispanic, Asian, Native American, or other. Race/ethnic differences were assessed using Poisson regression. The number of individuals in the United States with high-grade stenosis was estimated by applying prevalence estimates to 2015 US Census population estimates. Results: The prevalence of high-grade carotid stenosis was estimated in 6 130 481 individuals. The prevalence of high-grade stenosis was higher with increasing age in all race-sex strata. Generally, Blacks and Hispanics had a lower prevalence of high-grade stenosis compared with Whites, while Native Americans had a higher prevalence. For example, for men aged 55 to 65, the relative risk of stenosis compared with Whites was 0.40 (95% CI, 0.29–0.55) and 0.61 (95% CI, 0.46–0.81) for Blacks and Hispanics, respectively; and 1.53 (95% CI, 1.12–2.10) for Native Americans. When these prevalence estimates were applied to the Census estimates of the US population, an estimated 327 721 individuals have high-grade stenosis, of whom 7% are Black, 7% Hispanic, and 43% women. Conclusions: Despite their having a more adverse cardiovascular risk profile, there was a lower prevalence of high-grade carotid artery stenosis for both the Black and Hispanic relative to the White clients. This lower prevalence of high-grade stenosis is a potential contributor to the lower use of carotid revascularization procedures in these minority populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.