ArticleNeuroImage2021
Local and distant responses to single pulse electrical stimulation reflect different forms of connectivity.
Article in NeuroImage, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methodologies to detect cortico-cortical evoked potentials: a systematic review.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Corticocortical evoked potential amplitude is altered by cortical stimulation in epilepsy.Epilepsia · 2026Article
- Resting-State vs. Task-Based Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Neurosurgical Planning: A Narrative Review of Clinical Applications.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Anti-Seizure Medications Alter Functional and Effective Connectivity as Measured With Intracranial Electroencephalography.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Direct electrical stimulation of the human amygdala enhances recognition memory for objects but not scenes.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Conserved fiber topography of the anterior limb of the internal capsule in treatment-resistant psychiatric patients.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Structural and Functional Connectivity Predict the Effects of Direct Brain Stimulation on Memory.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Intrinsic and extrinsic connectivity of the seizure onset zone at rest and during stimulation.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The Modulatory Effects of Anesthetics and Analgesics on Neurophysiological Monitoring and Underlying Mechanisms.Current neuropharmacology · 2026Review
- Structural and effective brain connectivity in focal epilepsy.Neuroimage. Reports · 2025Article
- Harnessing electroencephalography connectomes for cognitive and clinical neuroscience.Nature biomedical engineering · 2025Review
- Proper reference selection and re-referencing to mitigate bias in single pulse electrical stimulation data.Journal of neuroscience methods · 2025Article
- Asymmetric Cingulum Bundle Connectivity Is Modulated by Paracingulate Sulcus Morphology.Human brain mapping · 2025Article
- Macroscale Traveling Waves Evoked by Single-Pulse Stimulation of the Human Brain.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Mapping the Epileptogenic Brain Using Low-Frequency Stimulation: Two Decades of Advances and Uncertainties.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Intracranial EEG-Based Directed Functional Connectivity in Alpha to Gamma Frequency Range Reflects Local Circuits of the Human Mesiotemporal Network.Brain topography · 2024Article
- Why does invasive brain stimulation sometimes improve memory and sometimes impair it?PLoS biology · 2024Article
- Network excitability of stimulation-induced spectral responses helps localize the seizure onset zone.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2024Article
- Theta-burst direct electrical stimulation remodels human brain networks.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Electric Auditory Brainstem Response Audiometry in Cochlear Implants: New Recording Paradigm.Audiology research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Measuring connectivity in the human brain involves innumerable approaches using both noninvasive (fMRI, EEG) and invasive (intracranial EEG or iEEG) recording modalities, including the use of external probing stimuli, such as direct electrical stimulation. To examine how different measures of connectivity correlate with one another, we compared 'passive' measures of connectivity during resting state conditions to the more 'active' probing measures of connectivity with single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES). We measured the network engagement and spread of the cortico-cortico evoked potential (CCEP) induced by SPES at 53 out of 104 total sites across the brain, including cortical and subcortical regions, in patients with intractable epilepsy (N=11) who were undergoing intracranial recordings as a part of their clinical care for identifying seizure onset zones. We compared the CCEP network to functional, effective, and structural measures of connectivity during a resting state in each patient. Functional and effective connectivity measures included correlation or Granger causality measures applied to stereoEEG (sEEGs) recordings. Structural connectivity was derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) acquired before intracranial electrode implant and monitoring (N=8). The CCEP network was most similar to the resting state voltage correlation network in channels near to the stimulation location. In contrast, the distant CCEP network was most similar to the DTI network. Other connectivity measures were not as similar to the CCEP network. These results demonstrate that different connectivity measures, including those derived from active stimulation-based probing, measure different, complementary aspects of regional interrelationships in the brain.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.