ArticlePloS one2021
Incidence and risk factors of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae among young women from the Western Cape, South Africa: The EVRI study.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- High prevalence and incidence of curable sexually transmitted infections among young women using oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis in sub-Saharan Africa: results from the INSIGHT Cohort study.Sexually transmitted infections · 2026Observational
- Bacterial vaginosis associated with high rates of sexually transmitted infections among South African adolescent girls and young women.Infection · 2026Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- EnhancedOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- When Bacteria and Viruses Collide: A Tale ofViruses · 2023Review
- HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among african in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Kenya Demonstrate Rapid STI Incidence Following First Sex: Data From a Longitudinal Cohort.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2023Article
- Prevalence of coinfections in a cross-sectional cohort of women screened for multiple pathogens in Peru.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Association of sexual relationship power with PrEP persistence and other sexual health outcomes among adolescent and young women in Kenya and South Africa.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2023Article
- Article
- STI prevalence, incidence, and partner notification among women in a periconception HIV prevention program in Uganda.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2022Article
- Sexual partnership concurrency and age disparities associated with sexually transmitted infection and risk behavior in rural communities in Kenya and Uganda.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022Article
- Update on the Epidemiological Features and Clinical Implications of Human Papillomavirus Infection (HPV) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Coinfection.Microorganisms · 2022Review
- Significant Associations betweenInfectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveYoung women in South Africa are highly affected by sexually transmitted infections (STI), like C. trachomatis (CT) and N. gonorrhoeae (NG). We aimed to estimate the incidence of CT and NG, and its determinants, among young women from the Western Cape, South Africa, participating in an HPV vaccine trial (the EVRI study).
methodsHIV-negative women aged 16-24 years were enrolled between October 2012 and July 2013. At enrolment and month 6 participants were screened for CT and NG (Anyplex CT/NG real-time detection method). A questionnaire on demographic and sexual history characteristics was completed at enrolment and month 7. Treatment for CT and/or NG was offered to infected participants. Incidence rates (IR) of CT and NG were estimated. Determinants of incident CT and NG infections were assessed using Poisson regression.
results365 women were tested for CT and/or NG at least twice. Prevalence of CT and NG at baseline was 33.7% and 10.4%, respectively. Prevalence of co-infection with CT and NG was 7.1%. During 113.3 person-years (py), 48 incident CT infections were diagnosed (IR = 42.4 per 100 py, 95% confidence interval (CI) 31.9-56.2). Twenty-nine incident NG were diagnosed during 139.3 py (IR = 20.8 per 100 py, 95%CI 14.5-29.9). Prevalent CT infection at baseline was associated with incident CT (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 5.8, 95%CI 3.0-11.23. More than three lifetime sex partners increased the risk for incident NG (3-4 partners aIRR = 7.3, 95%CI 2.1-26.0; ≥5 partners aIRR = 4.3, 95%CI 1.1-17.5).
conclusionsThe IR of bacterial STIs among young women in the Western Cape is very high. Besides being previously infected and a higher lifetime number of sex partners, no other risk factors were found for CT and NG, suggesting that the majority of these women were at risk. This indicates the need for intensified prevention of STIs as well as screening and treatment programs to increase sexual health in this region.
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