SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2021
Uremic Toxins in Organ Crosstalk.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut Dysbiosis, Uremic Toxins, and NLRP3 Signaling in Chronic Kidney Disease: From Mechanistic Evidence to Clinical Biomarker Evaluation.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review
- Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the kidney regulates metabolic cross-talk with the liver and gut microbiome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dialyzer characteristics are associated with differential effects on intradialytic microvascular tissue perfusion.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Tubular secretion in chronic kidney disease: from established physiology to clinical utility.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming in chronic kidney disease-cardiovascular disease comorbidity: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Gut-Derived Metabolomic Biomarkers as Mediators of the Inflammatory Pathway in Early Diabetic Kidney Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Alpha-1-microglobulin profile in patients on maintenance hemodialysis and its removal by blood purification.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Organ Crosstalk During Injury: Mechanisms of Lung-Kidney Interaction in Critical Illness.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Review
- Ultra-Sensitive Quantification of Indoxyl Sulfate and 3-Carboxy-4-Methyl-5-Propyl-2-Furanpropanoic Acid in Plasma Using Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- Traffic jam in lung capillaries: inter-organ communication impedes gas exchange after acute kidney injury.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Article
- Renal organic anion transporter 1: clinical relevance and the underlying mechanisms in chronic kidney disease.BMC nephrology · 2025Review
- Wuling capsule alleviates hyperuricaemia and protects UA- injured HK-2 cells by regulating uric acid transporter proteins.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Vascular inflammation in chronic kidney disease: the role of uremic toxins in macrophage activation.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
- Organ crosstalk and dysfunction in sepsis.Annals of intensive care · 2024Review
- Review
- The Kidney-Gut Axis as a Novel Target for Nutritional Intervention to Counteract Chronic Kidney Disease Progression.Metabolites · 2024Review
- Article
- Gut microbiome and metabolomics in systemic sclerosis: feature, link and mechanisms.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Remote effects of kidney drug transporter OAT1 on gut microbiome composition and urate homeostasis.JCI insight · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many putative uremic toxins-like indoxyl sulfate, p-cresol sulfate, kynurenic acid, uric acid, and CMPF-are organic anions. Both inter-organ and inter-organismal communication are involved. For example, the gut microbiome is the main source of indole, which, after modification by liver drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs), becomes indoxyl sulfate. Various organic anion transporters (organic anion transporters, OATs; organic anion-transporting polypeptides, OATPs; multidrug resistance-associated proteins, MRPs, and other ABC transporters like ABCG2)-often termed "drug transporters"-mediate movement of uremic toxins through cells and organs. In the kidney proximal tubule, critical roles for OAT1 and OAT3 in regulating levels of protein-bound uremic toxins have been established using knock-out mice. OATs are important in maintaining residual tubular function in chronic kidney disease (CKD); as CKD progresses, intestinal transporters like ABCG2, which extrude urate and other organic anions into the gut lumen, seem to help restore homeostasis. Uremic toxins like indoxyl sulfate also regulate signaling and metabolism, potentially affecting gene expression in extra-renal tissues as well as the kidney. Focusing on the history and evolving story of indoxyl sulfate, we discuss how uremic toxins appear to be part of an extensive "remote sensing and signaling" network-involving so-called drug transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes which modulate metabolism and signaling. This systems biology view of uremic toxins is leading to a new appreciation of uremia as partly due to disordered remote sensing and signaling mechanisms-resulting from, and causing, aberrant inter-organ (e.g., gut-liver- kidney-CNS) and inter-organismal (e.g., gut microbiome-host) communication.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.