ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
CHI3L2 Is a Novel Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Gliomas.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory checkpoints in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: From biomarkers to therapeutic targets.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Redefining CHI3L1: Therapeutic Opportunities at the Crossroads of Immune Suppression and Disease Progression.Medicinal research reviews · 2026Review
- Article
- Comprehensive analysis of interactions between brain aging and late-onset psychoses using heuristic mapping models.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Targeting chitinase-3-like protein 2 (CHI3L2) suppresses cell proliferation and migration in glioblastoma.Translational cancer research · 2026Article
- Integrative machine learning reveals hidden and emerging co-regulatory gene networks for multi-phase glioblastoma outcome prediction.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2026Article
- Article
- Single-Cell Transcriptome Atlas Reveals the Underlying Mechanism of Kynurenic Acid in the Regulation of Tumor Immune Microenvironment in Glioblastoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Spatial 3D genome organization reveals intratumor heterogeneity in primary glioblastoma samples.Science advances · 2025Article
- Genetic drivers and clinical consequences of mosaic chromosomal alterations in 1 million individuals.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Angora Rabbit Colostrum and Mature Milk Using Quantitative Proteomics.Biology · 2024Article
- Association of Genetic Markers with the Risk of Early-Onset Breast Cancer in Kazakh Women.Genes · 2024Article
- Article
- Mendelian randomization analysis identifies druggable genes and drugs repurposing for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Transcriptomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid identifies ALS pathway enrichment and RNA biomarkers in MND individuals.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2023Article
- The evaluation of six genes combined value in glioma diagnosis and prognosis.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Review
- Re-convolving the compositional landscape of primary and recurrent glioblastoma reveals prognostic and targetable tissue states.Nature communications · 2023Article
- PLEKHA4 Is a Prognostic Biomarker and Correlated with Immune Infiltrates in Glioma.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- YKL-39 is an independent prognostic factor in gastric adenocarcinoma and is associated with tumor-associated macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis.World journal of surgical oncology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CHI3L2 (Chitinase-3-Like Protein 2) is a member of chitinase-like proteins (CLPs), which belong to the glycoside hydrolase 18 family. Its homologous gene, CHI3L1, has been extensively studied in various tumors and has been shown to be related to immune infiltration in breast cancer and glioblastoma. High CHI3L2 expression was reported to be associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer and renal cell carcinoma. However, the prognostic significance of CHI3L2 in glioma and its correlation between immune infiltration remains unclear. In this study, we examined 288 glioma samples by immunohistochemistry to find that CHI3L2 is expressed in tumor cells and macrophages in glioma tissues and highly expressed in glioblastoma and IDH wild-type gliomas. Relationships between CHI3L2 expression and clinical features (grade, age, Ki67 index, P53, PHH3 (mitotic figures), ATRX, TERTp, MGMTp, IDH, and 1p/19q co-deleted status) were evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival was conducted to show high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells (TC) and macrophage cells (MC) indicated poor prognosis in diffusely infiltrating glioma (DIG), lower-grade glioma (LGG), and IDH wild-type gliomas (IDH-wt). The overall survival time was higher in patients with dual-low CHI3L2 expression in TC and MC compared to those in patients with non-dual CHI3L2 expression and dual high expression in DIG and IDH wild-type gliomas. By univariate and multivariate analysis, we found that high CHI3L2 expression in tumor cells was an independent unfavorable prognostic factor in glioma patients. Moreover, we used two datasets (TCGA and CGGA) to verify the results of our study and explore the potential functional role of CHI3L2 by GO and KEGG analyses in gliomas. TIMER platform analysis indicated CHI3L2 expression was closely related to diverse marker genes of tumor immune infiltrating cells, including monocytes, TAMs, M1 macrophages, M2 macrophages, TGFβ1+ Treg and T cell exhaustion in GBM and LGG. Western Blot validated CHI3L2 is expressed in glioma cells and microglia cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that CHI3L2 induces the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, these results demonstrate CHI3L2 is related to poor prognosis and immune infiltrates in gliomas, suggesting it may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and represent a new target for glioma patients.
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