Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33936813›Full record

ArticleAnemia2020

Iron Deficiency and Iron Deficiency Anemia Are Common Epidemiological Conditions in Saudi Arabia: Report of the National Epidemiological Survey.

Tarek Owaidah, Nouf Al-Numair, Ayman Al-Suliman, Mohammed Zolaly, Rana Hasanato, Faisal Al Zahrani, Mohameed Albalawi, Layla Bashawri, Khawar Siddiqui, Faisal Alalaf and 2 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Anemia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
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  7. Observational
  8. Observational
  9. Boosting nutritional value: the role of iron fortification in meat and meat products.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
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  19. Elucidating Iron Metabolism through Molecular Imaging.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Tarek OwaidahDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & RC, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9399-300X
Nouf Al-NumairResearch Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2729-856X
Ayman Al-SulimanResearch Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed ZolalyDepartment of Pediatric Hematology, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Rana HasanatoDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal Al ZahraniDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Mohameed AlbalawiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Layla BashawriDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Khawar SiddiquiDepartment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
Faisal AlalafDepartment of Medical Genetics, Umm Al-Qura University Faculty of Medicine, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulkareem AlmomenDepartment of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 12372, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Raihan SajidDepartment of Pathology, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia.
Alfaisal University · SAImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University · SAKing Saud University · SATaibah University · SAKing Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Centre · SAUmm al-Qura University · SA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Iron deficiency is the most prevalent nutritional deficiency worldwide. According to an estimate by the World Health Organization, up to 27% of the world's population experience iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Studies conducted in the Middle East, including Saudi Arabia, have suggested that IDA is the most common cause of anemia, especially among females. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of IDA and iron deficiency (ID) among apparently healthy young university students from four regions in Saudi Arabia. Students were asked to complete a simple survey questionnaire; blood samples were then collected and analyzed after obtaining informed consent. A total of 981 students completed the survey, with 11% of the participants reporting symptoms of anemia; 34% of participants were diagnosed with IDA and 6% reported a diagnosis of hemoglobinopathy. Blood analysis confirmed the prevalence of ID and IDA in 28.6% and 10.7% of the participants, respectively; those with ID and IDA were mostly females (88.5% and 94%, resp.). Thalassemia trait and sickle cell trait were detected in 1.3% and 7% of participants, respectively. Our findings from a national survey among young university in Saudi Arabia indicate a high prevalence of ID and IDA.

Identifiers

PMID33936813
PMCPMC8056870
OpenAlexW3117580496

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.