ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Circulating Interleukins and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genes, Gene Loci, and Their Impacts on the Immune System in the Development of Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- The Role of Selected Interleukins in the Development and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Association of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase C677T Gene Polymorphisms with Mild Cognitive Impairment Susceptibility: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Behavioural neurology · 2021Pooled it
- Circulating Proinflammatory Cytokines and Soluble Cytokine Receptors as Diagnostic Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Association of endometriosis with hematuria markers: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Profile of Cytokines Associated with SARS-CoV2 Seropositivity in Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Its Persistence over Six Months.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Study on the anti-atherosclerosis mechanisms of Tanyu Tongzhi formula based on network pharmacology, Mendelian randomization, and experimental verification.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Article
- Molecular mechanisms underlying Tao-Hong-Si-Wu decoction treating hyperpigmentation based on network pharmacology, Mendelian randomization analysis, and experimental verification.Pharmaceutical biology · 2024Article
- Can Selected Parameters of Brain Injury Reflect Neuronal Damage in Smoldering Multiple Sclerosis?Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Expression of Inflammatory Mediators in Biofilm Samples and Clinical Association in Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Remission-A Pilot Study.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The relationship between circulating metabolites and prostate hyperplasia: a Mendelian randomization study.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2024Article
- Unraveling the causal role of immune cells in gastrointestinal tract cancers: insights from a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Mendelian Randomization Analysis of Circulating Cytokines and Risk of Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- The Comparison of the Selected Parameters of Brain Injury and Interleukins in the CSF in Patients Diagnosed De Novo with RRMS Compared to the Control Group.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Autoimmune Neuroinflammatory Diseases: Role of Interleukins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Assessment of bidirectional relationships between circulating cytokines and periodontitis: Insights from a mendelian randomization analysis.Frontiers in genetics · 2023Article
- CSF sTREM2 in neurological diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Article
- Body Mass Index, Interleukin-6 Signaling and Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Genetics and functional genomics of multiple sclerosis.Seminars in immunopathology · 2022Review
- The Effect of Peripheral Immune Cell Counts on the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Previous research have implicated critical roles of systemic inflammation in the development of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). But the causal relationship between interleukins (ILs) and MS has not been fully elucidated. Objective: In this study, we applied Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches to address the causal associations between genetically determined circulating levels of ILs and the risk of MS. Methods: Genetic instruments for circulating IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), IL-2 receptor α subunit (IL-2Rα), IL-6, IL-16, IL-17, and IL-18 were obtained from recently published genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Summary-level data for MS were obtained from the International Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Consortium. MR analyses were performed using the R software (version 3.6.1, The R Foundation) and the TwoSampleMR package. Results: Genetic predisposition to higher circulating levels of IL-2Rα were significantly associated with MS risk. The odds ratio (OR) was 1.22 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.32; Conclusion: Our results indicated that circulating IL-2Rα was causally associated with risk of MS.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.