Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33936056›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Prioritizing Molecular Biomarkers in Asthma and Respiratory Allergy Using Systems Biology.

Lucía Cremades-Jimeno, María Ángeles de Pedro, María López-Ramos, Joaquín Sastre, Pablo Mínguez, Ignacio Mahillo Fernández, Selene Baos, Blanca Cárdaba

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Current understanding and future directions in severe asthma through artificial intelligence-integrated multi-omic approaches.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Review
  3. Molecular Study from the Signaling Pathways of Four PotentialInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Lucía Cremades-JimenoImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
María Ángeles de PedroImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
María López-RamosImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Joaquín SastreAllergy Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Pablo MínguezDepartment of Genetics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain.
Ignacio Mahillo FernándezBiostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain.
Selene BaosImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Blanca CárdabaImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid · ESCentre for Biomedical Network Research on Rare Diseases · ESHospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz · ESInstituto de Salud Carlos III · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Highly prevalent respiratory diseases such as asthma and allergy remain a pressing health challenge. Currently, there is an unmet need for precise diagnostic tools capable of predicting the great heterogeneity of these illnesses. In a previous study of 94 asthma/respiratory allergy biomarker candidates, we defined a group of potential biomarkers to distinguish clinical phenotypes (i.e. nonallergic asthma, allergic asthma, respiratory allergy without asthma) and disease severity. Here, we analyze our experimental results using complex algorithmic approaches that establish holistic disease models (systems biology), combining these insights with information available in specialized databases developed worldwide. With this approach, we aim to prioritize the most relevant biomarkers according to their specificity and mechanistic implication with molecular motifs of the diseases. The Therapeutic Performance Mapping System (Anaxomics' TPMS technology) was used to generate one mathematical model per disease: allergic asthma (AA), non-allergic asthma (NA), and respiratory allergy (RA), defining specific molecular motifs for each. The relationship of our molecular biomarker candidates and each disease was analyzed by artificial neural networks (ANNs) scores. These analyses prioritized molecular biomarkers specific to the diseases and to particular molecular motifs. As a first step, molecular characterization of the pathophysiological processes of AA defined 16 molecular motifs: 2 specific for AA, 2 shared with RA, and 12 shared with NA. Mechanistic analysis showed 17 proteins that were strongly related to AA. Eleven proteins were associated with RA and 16 proteins with NA. Specificity analysis showed that 12 proteins were specific to AA, 7 were specific to RA, and 2 to NA. Finally, a triggering analysis revealed a relevant role for AKT1, STAT1, and MAPK13 in all three conditions and for TLR4 in asthmatic diseases (AA and NA). In conclusion, this study has enabled us to prioritize biomarkers depending on the functionality associated with each disease and with specific molecular motifs, which could improve the definition and usefulness of new molecular biomarkers.

Indexed as

AsthmaBiomarkersHypersensitivityNeural Networks, ComputerHumansModels, TheoreticalSystems BiologyBiomarkersallergyartificial intelligenceasthmabiomarkerrespiratory diseasessystems biology

Identifiers

PMID33936056
PMCPMC8081895
OpenAlexW3157014630

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.