Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33936044›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021

The Impact of Acute and Chronic Exercise on Immunoglobulins and Cytokines in Elderly: Insights From a Critical Review of the Literature.

Maha Sellami, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Baha Aboghaba, Mohamed A Elrayess

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
41citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

41 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Non-coding RNAs in exercise immunology: A systematic review.Journal of sport and health science · 2024
    Pooled it
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Observational
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. The Immune System as a Biosensor of Health and Athletic Performance.Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Sheep-DerivedMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  17. Moderate Aerobic Exercise Induces Homeostatic IgA Generation in Senile Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Immune consequences of exercise in hypoxia: A narrative review.Journal of sport and health science · 2024
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

Maha SellamiPhysical Education Department (PE), College of Education, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Nicola Luigi BragazziLaboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Baha AboghabaProgram of Exercise Science, College of Health and Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Doha, Qatar.
Mohamed A ElrayessBiomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Qatar University · QAHamad bin Khalifa University · QAUniversity of Genoa · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The level of immunoglobulins and cytokines changes with an ageing immune system. This review summarizes findings from studies that have examined the impact of acute and chronic exercise on immunoglobulins and cytokines in the elderly. Our literature analysis revealed that acute endurance exercise resulted in increased secretory salivary immunoglobulin A (SIgA), while acute bouts of muscle strengthening exercise (i.e., isokinetic, eccentric, knee extensor exercise) increased plasma/muscle interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) levels. Chronic exercise in the form of short-term endurance training (i.e., 12-16 weeks) and long-term combined endurance and resistance training (i.e., 6-12 months) induced increases in salivary SIgA concentration. We additionally identified that short-term endurance training at moderate intensities and the combination of endurance, strength, balance, and flexibility training increase plasma IL-10 and reduce plasma IL-6 and TNF-α in healthy elderly adults and male patients with chronic heart failure. Strength training for 6-12 weeks did not alter plasma IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6 and TNF-α concentration in healthy elderly adults and patients with chronic-degenerative diseases, while 12 weeks of resistance training decreased muscle TNF-α mRNA in frail elderly individuals. Short-term (i.e., 10-24 weeks) moderate- to high-intensity strength training reduced LPS-IL-6, LPS, IL-1β, LPS-TNF-α and circulating concentrations of TNF-α and increased IL-10 in healthy elderly women and older people with cognitive impairment, respectively. In conclusion, it appears that acute bouts of endurance exercise and short-term chronic exercise training exercise are appropriate methods to enhance mucosal immune function, reduce systemic markers of inflammation, and promote anti-inflammatory processes in elderly individuals.

Indexed as

AgingAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCytokinesEndurance TrainingExerciseHumansImmunoglobulinsInflammationResistance TrainingAnti-Inflammatory AgentsCytokinesImmunoglobulinscytokineexerciseimmunoglobulininterleukintumor necrosis factor alpha

Identifiers

PMID33936044
PMCPMC8079972
OpenAlexW3154476125

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.