ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Elevated microRNA-21 Is a Brake of Inflammation Involved in the Development of Nasal Polyps.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Expression Analysis of Selected miRNAs in COVID-19 Patients.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Role of miR-191-3p in HDM-induced airway epithelial inflammation by targeting CD247 in allergic asthma.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Potential roles of microRNAs in chronic rhinosinusitis: from mechanistic insights to clinical studies.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Article
- Epigenetic regulation in type II diabetes: linking molecular mechanisms to clinical management.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Functional dynamics of lncRNAs and miRNAs in cancer metabolism and neuroinflammation.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- MiR-221-3p Attenuates IL-33-Induced Mast Cell Cytokine Expression by Targeting KIT.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Current Understanding of Epithelial-Derived Alarmins in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Epigenetic Mechanisms in CRSwNP: The Role of MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Thymic stromal lymphopoietin as a therapeutic target in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2025Review
- Identification of anoikis-related genes classification patterns and immune infiltration characterization in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps based on machine learning.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Non-coding RNAs: emerging biomarkers and therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammatory diseases.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal Dysregulation of Neuron-Glia Related Genes and Pro-/Anti-Inflammatory miRNAs in theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Molecular Mechanisms in Senescent Cells Induced by Natural Aging and Ionizing Radiation.Cells · 2024Review
- Abnormal S100A8 expression associates with postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Milk-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation and Inhibit Inflammation via microRNA-21.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- MicroRNAs: Potential Biomarkers of Disease Severity in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- Insights into the epigenetics of chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps: a systematic review.Frontiers in allergy · 2023Review
- Current research into A20 mediation of allergic respiratory diseases and its potential usefulness as a therapeutic target.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Research advances in roles of microRNAs in nasal polyp.Frontiers in genetics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: CRSwNP is an inflammatory disease but the mechanism is not yet fully understood. MiR-21, a member of miRNAs, has been reported to play roles in mediating inflammation. However, the expression of miR-21 and its role in patients with CRSwNP remain elusive. Methods: Turbinates from control subjects, uncinate processes from CRSsNP, polyp tissues from CRSwNP, and nasal epithelial cells brushed from nasal mucosa were collected. The expression of miR-21 and cytokines in nasal tissues and epithelial cells were detected by qPCR. The localization of miR-21 was detected by ISH, and its target was identified by bioinformation analysis, qPCR, IHC, WB, and luciferase reporter system. The protein and mRNA of PDCD4 and NF-κB P65 were determined by WB and qPCR after miR-21 transfection in HNEpC. The role of miR-21 on cytokines was analyzed in HNEpC and nasal polyp explants. Results: MiR-21 was upregulated in CRSwNP relative to control subjects by qPCR, which was determined mainly in nasal epithelial cells of CRSwNP by ISH. Both pro-inflammation cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-25, and TSLP) and a suppressive cytokine (IL-10) were overexpressed in the epithelial cells of CRSwNP. The expression of miR-21 was positively correlated with IL-10 and negatively correlated with IL-6, IL-8, IL-33, and TSLP in the epithelial cells of CRSwNP. As a potential target of miR-21, the expression of PDCD4 was negatively correlated with miR-21 in CRSwNP. In HNEpC, miR-21 could reduce the expression of PDCD4 at both mRNA and protein levels, and bioinformation analysis and luciferase reporter system confirmed PDCD4 as one target of miR-21. Furthermore, miR-21 could decrease the activation of NF-κB and increase IL-10 mRNA. Both SEB and LPS could elevate miR-21, with IL-25, IL-33, TSLP induced by SEB and IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 induced by LPS, while the miR-21 could regulate the expression of IL-33, TSLP, IL-1β, IL- 6 and IL-8 Conclusion: MiR-21 could be a prominent negative feedback factor in the inflammation process to attenuate the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby playing an anti-inflammation role in CRSwNP.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.