ReviewFrontiers in aging neuroscience2021
Multiple Roles in Neuroprotection for the Exercise Derived Myokine Irisin.
Review in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of exercise interventions on core health outcomes in patients with SLE: systematic review and meta-analysis.Lupus science & medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Optimal exercise modalities for post-intervention motor function changes in stroke survivors: a pairwise and network meta-analysis.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2025Pooled it
- Exercise improves depression through positive modulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). A review based on 100 manuscripts over 20 years.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Pooled it
- The Effect of Two Somatic-Based Practices Dance and Martial Arts on Irisin, BDNF Levels and Cognitive and Physical Fitness in Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Trial
- The interplay between vitamin D status and exerkine signaling: implications for exercise adaptation in athletes: narrative review.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026Review
- Irisin promotes selective changes in hippocampal mitochondrial metabolism in mice.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Changes in Sarcopenia and Incident Depression in Prospective Cohorts.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Revision of Energy Metabolism Adaptations in High-Level Athletes: From Physical Performance Enhancement to Potential Therapeutic Targets in Mental Disorders.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Irisin as an Exerkine of Neuroprotection in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- The Myokine Irisin Represents an Indirect Pathway Linking Exercise to Hippocampal Subfields Relevant to Alzheimer's Disease and Neurogenesis.Aging cell · 2026Article
- Irisin as a Regulator of Brain Energy Homeostasis: Implications for Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases.Cells · 2026Review
- Application of an intercellular adhesion molecule-1-targeted nanoparticles loaded with irisin in postoperative neurocognitive disorder through metabolic axis activation and barrier restoration.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Seven days of warm-water immersion enhances resting irisin and BDNF, but not klotho, in older men.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Synaptic Plasticity in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Impact of Exercise as Promising Therapeutic Tool.Cells · 2026Review
- Adipokine networks in diabetic kidney disease: mechanistic insights and therapeutic implications.Lipids in health and disease · 2026Review
- Irisin hampers β-amyloid-induced microglial inflammationFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Chrono-combined aerobic-resistance exercises as therapeutic approach to reverse neurodegeneration in rat model: a detailed protocol.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Physical exercise mitigates motor and muscular deficits in the 3xTg-AD model of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exercise has multiple beneficial effects on health including decreasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases. Such effects are thought to be mediated (at least in part) by myokines, a collection of cytokines and other small proteins released from skeletal muscles. As an endocrine organ, skeletal muscle synthesizes and secretes a wide range of myokines which contribute to different functions in different organs, including the brain. One such myokine is the recently discovered protein Irisin, which is secreted into circulation from skeletal muscle during exercise from its membrane bound precursor Fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5). Irisin contributes to metabolic processes such as glucose homeostasis and browning of white adipose tissue. Irisin also crosses the blood brain barrier and initiates a neuroprotective genetic program in the hippocampus that culminates with increased expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Furthermore, exercise and FNDC5/Irisin have been shown to have several neuroprotective effects against injuries in ischemia and neurodegenerative disease models, including Alzheimer's disease. In addition, Irisin has anxiolytic and antidepressant effects. In this review we present and summarize recent findings on the multiple effects of Irisin on neural function, including signaling pathways and mechanisms involved. We also discuss how exercise can positively influence brain function and mental health via the "skeletal muscle-brain axis." While there are still many unanswered questions, we put forward the idea that Irisin is a potentially essential mediator of the skeletal muscle-brain crosstalk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.