ReviewBlood research2021
Current status of the diagnosis and treatment of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults.
Review in Blood research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical spectrum and laboratory correlates of concurrent hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and toxoplasmosis: a systematic review.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
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- Article
- Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Patient.Cureus · 2026Article
- Hemophagocytic Syndromes in Adults: Real-World Data on Mortality from a Tertiary Reference Center.Acta haematologica · 2026Article
- A Case of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Transplanted Kidney Post-Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Complicated by Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis, Six Years after Transplantation.Surgical case reports · 2026Article
- Simultaneous Presentation of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Classical Hodgkin's Lymphoma in a Patient with Underlying Germline Homozygous STXBP2 Mutation.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2026Article
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- A Curious Case of HLH: A Case Report of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Secondary to Atezolizumab.Case reports in hematology · 2026Article
- Profound hematologic instability in consanguinity-associated familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a pediatric case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Assessment of Hemophagocytic Lympho-Histiocytosis (HLH) in the Setting of Adult Acute Liver Failure.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2025Article
- Management Challenge of Coexistence of Macrophage Activation Syndrome, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Hepatitis B: Case Report.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
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- Secondary Dengue Infection Complicated by Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis: A Case Report.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Systemic T-cell activation and IFN-γ activity in indeterminate severe hepatitis are reminiscent of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Implications for T-cell- and IFN-γ-directed therapies.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025Article
- A case report of hemophagocytic syndrome induced byFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Fatal HLH in patients with X-linked lymphoproliferative disease 1 due to a novel variant inFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- A rare case of complicated typhoid fever presenting with secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.Oxford medical case reports · 2024Article
- Predicting Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in Adult Patients with Scrub Typhus and Its Prognostic Significance.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a syndrome of defective apoptosis, a disruption of the regulatory pathway that terminates immune and inflammatory responses. Fever, cytopenia, splenomegaly, and/or hemophagocytosis are typical findings of this syndrome. HLH can be induced by genetic disorders (familial) or secondary causes. Familial HLH is rare, while secondary causes in adults include infection, autoimmunity, and malignancy. HLH in adults tends to be confused with or misdiagnosed as sepsis, mainly due to similar clinical manifestations and laboratory findings, which make it difficult to diagnose HLH rapidly and adopt immunosuppressive agents and/or chemotherapy adequately. Treatment of pediatric HLH using HLH-2004 or multi-agent chemotherapy can be applied in adult patients, although the dose and type of drug need to be adjusted. It is highly recommended that allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation should be used in patients who become reactivated or are refractory to the initial treatment as soon as possible to improve survival. Future clinical trials are warranted to determine more suitable treatments for adult patients with HLH.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.