ArticleBMC emergency medicine2021
Tidal volume according to the 4-point sealing forces of a bag-valve-mask: an adult respiratory arrest simulator-based prospective, descriptive study.
Article in BMC emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiac Simulator Technologies and Design for Medical Education and Auscultation Training: A Systematic Review.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Assessment of Ventilation Using Adult and Pediatric Manual Resuscitators in a Simulated Adult Patient.Respiratory care · 2024Article
- Effects of weights applied to the apex of a bag-valve-mask and pinch strength on tidal volume: a prospective simulation study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Potential Maneuvers for Providing Optimal Tidal Volume Using the One-Handed EC Technique.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFor adequate ventilation during bag-valve-mask ventilation, rescuers should ensure a proper mask seal using the one-handed or two-handed technique. Little is known about the magnitude of sealing forces of a bag-valve-mask needed for adequate ventilation. This study aimed to explore the effect of the 4-point sealing forces of a bag-valve-mask on tidal volume while using the one-handed technique, focusing on the moderating effect of C length (the distance from the thumb to the index finger in the C shape of the one-hand EC grip).
methodsA prospective, descriptive simulation study was conducted. A convenience sample of 125 undergraduate paramedic students from two universities was recruited. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect subjective variables. Tidal volumes, 4-point sealing forces of the mask, peak pressure, and C length of the C shape in the one-hand EC grip were measured using the mechanical lung model under a simulated adult respiratory arrest. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine the moderating effect of C length on tidal volume in bag-valve-mask ventilation.
resultsThe average C length, peak pressure, and tidal volume were 7.54 (± 1.85) cm, 11.62 (± 5.40) cmH
conclusionThis first simulation study measuring the 4-point sealing forces during bag-valve-mask ventilation provides effective advice that can be adopted in clinical practice without side effects and underpins the importance of continuous retraining and assessment focused on individual physical characteristics, such as C length and bag-valve-mask sealing forces.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.