The miR-223/nuclear factor I-A axis regulates inflammation and cellular functions in intestinal tissues with necrotizing enterocolitis.

We previously demonstrated that microRNA(miR)-223 is overexpressed in intestinal tissue of infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). The objective of the current study was to identify the target gene of miR-223 and to investigate the role of the miR-223/nuclear factor I-A (NFIA) axis in cellular functions that underpin the pathophysiology of NEC. The target gene of miR-223 was identified by in silico target prediction bioinformatics, luciferase assay, and western blotting. We investigated downstream signals of miR-223 and cellular functions by overexpressing the miRNA in Caco-2 and FHs74 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). NFIA was identified as a target gene of miR-223. Overexpression of miR-223 significantly induced MYOM1 and inhibited NFIA and RGN in Caco-2 cells, while costimulation with LTA decreased expression of GNA11, MYLK, and PRKCZ. Expression levels of GNA11, MYLK, IL-6, and IL-8 were increased, and levels of NFIA and RGN were decreased in FHs74 cells. These potential downstream genes were significantly correlated with levels of miR-223 or NFIA in primary NEC tissues. Overexpression of miR-223 significantly increased apoptosis of Caco-2 and FHs74 cells, while proliferation of FHs74 was inhibited. These results suggest that upon binding with NFIA, miR-223 regulates functional effectors in pathways of apoptosis, cell proliferation, G protein signaling, inflammation, and smooth muscle contraction. The miR-223/NFIA axis may play an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC by enhancing inflammation and tissue damage.