Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33931588›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2021

Permissive effect of GSK3β on profibrogenic plasticity of renal tubular cells in progressive chronic kidney disease.

Bohan Chen, Pei Wang, Xianhui Liang, Chunming Jiang, Yan Ge, Lance D Dworkin, Rujun Gong

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism attenuates arteriovenous fistula stenosis by modulating the phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025
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  19. Smad3 Signatures in Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis.International journal of biological sciences · 2022
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Bohan ChenDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Pei WangDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Xianhui LiangDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Chunming JiangDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Yan GeDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Lance D DworkinDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
Rujun GongDivision of Kidney Disease and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. Rujun.Gong@UToledo.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-6302-2800
Brown University · US

Funding

Therapeutic targeting of GSK3beta: A novel approach for podocyte protectionR01DK092485 · NIDDK · RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL · PI GONG, RUJUN · 2011 to 2015
$1.8M
The Melanocortinergic pathway inglomerular diseaseR01DK114006 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF TOLEDO HEALTH SCI CAMPUS · PI GONG, RUJUN · 2017 to 2021
$1.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK092485NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK114006
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) play a key role in renal fibrogenesis. After persistent injuries that are beyond self-healing capacity, TECs will dedifferentiate, undergo growth arrest, convert to profibrogenic phenotypes, and resort to maladaptive plasticity that ultimately results in renal fibrosis. Evidence suggests that glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β is centrally implicated in kidney injury. However, its role in renal fibrogenesis is obscure. Analysis of publicly available kidney transcriptome database demonstrated that patients with progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibited GSK3β overexpression in renal tubulointerstitium, in which the predefined hallmark gene sets implicated in fibrogenesis were remarkably enriched. In vitro, TGF-β1 treatment augmented GSK3β expression in TECs, concomitant with dedifferentiation, cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase, excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix, and overproduction of profibrotic cytokines like PAI-1 and CTGF. All these profibrogenic phenotypes were largely abrogated by GSK3β inhibitors or by ectopic expression of a dominant-negative mutant of GSK3β but reinforced in cells expressing the constitutively active mutant of GSK3β. Mechanistically, GSK3β suppressed, whereas inhibiting GSK3β facilitated, the activity of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), which competes for CREB-binding protein, a transcriptional coactivator essential for TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway to drive TECs profibrogenic plasticity. In vivo, in mice with folic acid-induced progressive CKD, targeting of GSK3β in renal tubules via genetic ablation or by microdose lithium mitigated the profibrogenic plasticity of TEC, concomitant with attenuated interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Collectively, GSK3β is likely a pragmatic therapeutic target for averting profibrogenic plasticity of TECs and improving renal fibrosis.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Culture TechniquesDisease Models, AnimalEpithelial CellsGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 betaHumansKidney TubulesMiceMice, KnockoutRenal Insufficiency, ChronicTransfectionGlycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta

Identifiers

PMID33931588
PMCPMC8087712
OpenAlexW3159877673

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.