Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33931099›Full record

ArticleVirology journal2021

Sequence and phylogentic analysis of MERS-CoV in Saudi Arabia, 2012-2019.

Mohamed A Farrag, Haitham M Amer, Rauf Bhat, Fahad N Almajhdi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Virology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 35% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Bats-associated beta-coronavirus detection and characterization: First report from Pakistan.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2023
    Article
  3. Advances in mRNA and other vaccines against MERS-CoV.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2022
    Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mohamed A FarragDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Haitham M AmerDepartment of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
Rauf BhatDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad N AlmajhdiDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia. Vrg_ksu@yahoo.com.
King Saud University · SACairo University · EG

Funding

King Saud University RSP-2020/198
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-related Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) continues to exist in the Middle East sporadically. Thorough investigations of the evolution of human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are urgently required. In the current study, we studied amplified fragments of ORF1a/b, Spike (S) gene, ORF3/4a, and ORF4b of four human MERS-CoV strains for tracking the evolution of MERS-CoV over time.

methodsRNA isolated from nasopharyngeal aspirate, sputum, and tracheal swabs/aspirates from hospitalized patients with suspected MERS-CoV infection were analyzed for amplification of nine variable genomic fragments. Sequence comparisons were done using different bioinformatics tools available.

resultsSeveral mutations were identified in ORF1a/b, ORF3/4a and ORF4b, with the highest mutation rates in the S gene. Five codons; 4 in ORF1a and 1 in the S gene, were found to be under selective pressure. Characteristic amino acid changes, potentially hosted and year specific were defined across the S protein and in the receptor-binding domain Phylogenetic analysis using S gene sequence revealed clustering of MERS-CoV strains into three main clades, A, B and C with subdivision of with clade B into B1 to B4.

conclusionsIn conclusion, MERS-CoV appears to continuously evolve. It is recommended that the molecular and pathobiological characteristics of future MERS-CoV strains should be analyzed on regular basis to prevent potential future outbreaks at early phases.

Indexed as

Amino Acid SequenceCodonComputational BiologyCoronavirus InfectionsEvolution, MolecularGenomicsHumansMiddle East Respiratory Syndrome CoronavirusMutationOpen Reading FramesPhylogenyReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSaudi ArabiaSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusSputumCodonSpike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusEvolutionHuman coronavirusesMutationSequence analysisViruses

Identifiers

PMID33931099
PMCPMC8085657
OpenAlexW3158840543

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.