ArticleVirology journal2021
Simultaneous enterovirus EV-D68 and CVA6 infections causing acute respiratory distress syndrome and hand, foot and mouth disease.
Article in Virology journal, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular detection of endemic coronaviruses and enterovirus D68 in respiratory samples from 2016 in Panama: a retrospective study.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Global distribution and evolution of nine major non-polio enteroviruses revealed by genomic data mining.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Detection of Enteroviruses on Environmental Surfaces in Daycare Centers Using Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) and Its Public Health Implications.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Molecular evolution of coxsackievirus A6 associated with atypical hand, foot, and mouth disease in Northern Brazil in 2019.Archives of virology · 2025Article
- Epidemiological and genetic characterizations of hand, foot, and mouth disease and acute respiratory infections due to CV-A6 infection in Henan Province, China between 2021 and 2022.BMC pediatrics · 2025Article
- Enterovirus D68 Subgenotype B3 Circulation in Children with Acute Respiratory Illness in the State of Alagoas, Brazil.Viruses · 2025Article
- Clinical characteristics of fatal cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- Coxsackievirus A6 U.K. Genetic and Clinical Epidemiology Pre- and Post-SARS-CoV-2 Emergence.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Changing Epidemiology of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Causative Agents and Contributing Factors.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Review
- Unveiling viral pathogens in acute respiratory disease: Insights from viral metagenomics in patients from the State of Alagoas, Brazil.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTIs) in Children after COVID-19-Related Social Distancing: An Epidemiological Study in a Single Center of Southern Italy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Global landscape of coxsackieviruses in human health.Virus research · 2024Review
- Article
- Simultaneous detection of enterovirus-D68 and vaccine-related poliovirus 3 in the stool samples of a 5-month hospitalized child with acute respiratory disease: A case report.Biosafety and health · 2023Article
- Arising Concerns of Atypical Manifestations in Patients with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease.Vaccines · 2023Review
- A mouse-adapted CVA6 strain exhibits neurotropism and triggers systemic manifestations in a novel murine model.Emerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Article
- Coxsackievirus A6 strains causing an outbreak of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Northeastern Brazil in 2018.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlthough most enterovirus (EV) infections can be asymptomatic, these viral agents can cause serious conditions associated with central nervous system, respiratory disease and uncommon manifestations of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). EV-coinfections have been rarely reported with development of complications and severe clinical outcome. An atypical case of a child presenting HFMD and severe acute respiratory syndrome, co-infected with EV-D68 and CVA6, is reported herein. CASE PRESENTATION: A 3-year-old boy was admitted in the emergency department unit showing fever, abdominal pain and tachycardia. Twenty-four hours after hospitalization the child developed severe clinical symptoms associated with HFMD and was discharged after recovery. Two days later, the child was readmitted with fever, cough and respiratory distress. RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing confirmed positivity for EV-D68 and CVA6 in oro and nasopharynges swabs and vesicles fluid, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis based on VP1 gene sequences suggested that CVA6 was closely related with HFMD viruses circulating in Turkey, while EV-D68 was genetically related to a Chinese strain.
conclusionsTo the best of our knowledge, this case is the first report of a double infection caused by CVA6 and EV-D68, which shed light on the pathogenesis of enterovirus infections. Further studies must be conducted to ascertain the role and clinical significance of EV co-infections, as well as a potential synergistic pathway between these viruses.
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