ArticlePloS one2021
Functional and structural outcome after vitrectomy combined with subretinal rtPA Injection with or without additional intravitreal Bevacizumab injection for submacular hemorrhages.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for submacular haemorrhage: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of controversies-On behalf of the Spanish Vitreo-Retinal Society (SERV).Acta ophthalmologica · 2026Pooled it
- Thrombolytic activity of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA) in in-vitro model for subretinal hemorrhages.International ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Comparative outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy with subretinal rt-PA injection in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: the role of simultaneous anti-VEGF treatment.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Pars plana vitrectomy with tissue plasminogen activator for traumatic submacular hemorrhage.International journal of ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Outcomes in the Treatment of Subretinal Macular Hemorrhage Secondary to Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- The Role of Subretinal Injection in Ophthalmic Surgery: Therapeutic Agent Delivery and Other Indications.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Efficacy Evaluation of Tissue Plasminogen Activator with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Drugs for Submacular Hemorrhage Treatment: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo analyze the functional and anatomical outcome after vitrectomy with subretinal rtPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator) combined with or without an intravitreal Bevacizumab injection. PATIENTS AND
methodsRetrospective, consecutive case series of 31 pseudophakic patients with submacular hemorrhage (SMH) due to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with vitrectomy, subretinal rtPA and pneumatic air displacement with or without an additional intravitreal Bevacizumab injection. The primary endpoints were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and central macular thickness (CMT) measured by SD‑OCT. The secondary endpoint was a displacement of hemorrhage from the subretinal space three months after surgery.
results31 eyes of 31 patients were treated with vitrectomy and subretinal rtPA. 17/31 were treated simultaneously with an intravitreal Bevacizumab injection (group +B) and 14/31 without (group -B). The mean visual acuity improved significantly in both groups (from 1.37±0.39 to 1.03±0.57 logMAR in +B and from 1.48±0.48 to 1.01±0.38 logMAR in group -B, p<0.05). The mean CMT decreased in group +B from 607±179 μm to 424±205 μm (p = 0.2) and in group -B from 722±216 μm to 460±202 μm (p<0.05). A central displacement of the hemorrhage could be achieved in 47% in group +B, whereas in group -B displacement could be achieved in 50% (p = 0.44).
conclusionsVitrectomy with subretinal rtPA injection and air tamponade with or without simultaneous intravitreal Bevacizumab injection displaces SMH and improves BCVA effectively. In comparison, the postoperative outcome is comparable regardless of whether or not intravitreal bevacizumab is applied simultaneously.
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