ArticleJournal of surgical case reports2021
Successful repair of spontaneous indirect bilateral carotid-cavernous fistula with coil embolization.
Article in Journal of surgical case reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spontaneous Resolution of a Bilateral Barrow Type D Indirect Carotid-Cavernous Fistula: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Carotid occlusion for the management of a spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistula occurring in a single functional internal carotid artery.Radiology case reports · 2025Article
- Successful Endovascular Embolization of Bilateral Spontaneous Carotid Cavernous Fistula for a Patient Presenting With Bilateral Vision Deterioration: A Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Multimodal endovascular management of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulas: case series and lessons learned.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bilateral carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is a rare disease process, which portends poor visual outcome with delayed diagnosis and treatment. An 82-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of proptosis and decreased vision. A complete ophthalmologic examination along with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the brain and orbits, and MR angiography and venography of the brain confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral CCF. Diagnostic cerebral angiogram with concurrent coil embolization of the right cavernous sinus via left superior ophthalmic vein approach was performed. Bilateral indirect CCFs (type D CCF on the right and a type B CCF on the left) regressed completely after unilateral coil embolization. Visual acuity and limitation in extraocular movements significantly improved with complete resolution. In summary, we describe successful management of bilateral concurrent CCF with image-guided embolization and immediate recovery of vision and resolution of ophthalmological symptoms including proptosis and diplopia.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.