ArticleScientific reports2021
Urinary neopterin of wild chimpanzees indicates that cell-mediated immune activity varies by age, sex, and female reproductive status.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Minimal Evidence of Inflammaging in Naturalistic Chimpanzee Populations.American journal of biological anthropology · 2026Article
- Taxonomic variation in immune response strategies among primates.Genes and immunity · 2025Review
- Investigating the ageing-Parkinson's disease nexus: standardisation of in vitro models and techniques by the PD-AGE network.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Review
- Neopterin as a Tool for Primate Ecoimmunology: Current Knowledge, Practical Application, and New Directions From Captivity to the Wild.American journal of primatology · 2025Review
- Utilization of Urinary Neopterin Levels for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Mated Giant Pandas.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Comparison of age-related inflammation and oxidative stress in two lemur species.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2025Article
- Nonuniversality of inflammaging across human populations.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Neopterin extendsmicroPublication biology · 2025Article
- Modulation of cell-mediated immunity during pregnancy in wild bonobos.Biology letters · 2024Article
- Lean muscle mass, not aggression, mediates a link between dominance rank and testosterone in wild male chimpanzees.Animal behaviour · 2023Article
- Neopterin Levels in Bonobos Vary Seasonally and Reflect Symptomatic Respiratory Infections.EcoHealth · 2023Article
- Urinary neopterin reflects immunological variation associated with age, helminth parasitism, and the microbiome in a wild primate.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Evolutionary Approaches in Aging Research.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2022Review
- Female reproduction and viral infection in a long-lived mammal.The Journal of animal ecology · 2022Article
- Validating Urinary Neopterin as a Biomarker of Immune Response in Captive and Wild Capuchin Monkeys.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The study of free-living animal populations is necessary to understand life history trade-offs associated with immune investment. To investigate the role of life history strategies in shaping proinflammatory cell-mediated immune function, we analyzed age, sex, and reproductive status as predictors of urinary neopterin in 70 sexually mature chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) at Ngogo, Kibale National Park, Uganda. In the absence of clinical signs of acute infectious disease, neopterin levels significantly increased with age in both male and female chimpanzees, as observed in humans and several other vertebrate species. Furthermore, males exhibited higher neopterin levels than females across adulthood. Finally, females with full sexual swellings, pregnant females, and post-reproductive females, the oldest individuals in our sample, exhibited higher neopterin levels than lactating females and cycling females without full swellings. Variation in females' neopterin levels by reproductive status is consistent with post-ovulatory and pregnancy-related immune patterns documented in humans. Together, our results provide evidence of ample variation in chimpanzee immune activity corresponding to biodemographic and physiological variation. Future studies comparing immune activity across ecological conditions and social systems are essential for understanding the life histories of primates and other mammals.
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