ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Extracellular Vesicles and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular Vesicles in the Gut-Vascular-Brain Axis: A Missing Mechanistic Link Between IBD and Stroke Risk.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Systematic review on the extracellular vesicles in reproductive medicine and gamete union.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicles in the Crosstalk of Autophagy and Apoptosis: A Role for Lipid Rafts.Cells · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles in reproductive medicine: from "animal-led" to "plant-enabled".Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
- Understanding the Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia: Exploring the Role of Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Future Directions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- The pathogenesis of obstetric APS: a 2023 update.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2023Review
- Circulating Extracellular Vesicle Levels in Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 Coagulopathy: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Microparticles in Autoimmunity: Cause or Consequence of Disease?Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by thromboembolism, obstetric complications, and the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in intercellular communication and connectivity and are known to be involved in endothelial and vascular pathologies. Despite well-characterized in vitro and in vivo models of APS pathology, the field of EVs remains largely unexplored. This review recapitulates recent findings on the role of EVs in APS, focusing on their contribution to endothelial dysfunction. Several studies have found that APS patients with a history of thrombotic events have increased levels of EVs, particularly of endothelial origin. In obstetric APS, research on plasma levels of EVs is limited, but it appears that levels of EVs are increased. In general, there is evidence that EVs activate endothelial cells, exhibit proinflammatory and procoagulant effects, interact directly with cell receptors, and transfer biological material. Future studies on EVs in APS may provide new insights into APS pathology and reveal their potential as biomarkers to identify patients at increased risk.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.