Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33924930›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Exploring Lived Experiences of Adolescents Presenting with Self-Harm and Their Views about Suicide Prevention Strategies: A Qualitative Approach.

Anum Naz, Amna Naureen, Tayyeba Kiran, Omair Husain, Ayesha Minhas, Bushra Razzaque, Sehrish Tofique, Nusrat Husain, Christine Furber, Nasim Chaudhry

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Trial
  3. Article
  4. Critically Exploring Self-Harm Through Lived Experience Perspectives: A Survivor-Controlled Integrative Review Employing Participatory Methodology.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Exploring Support Preferences for Young Women Who Self-Harm: A Qualitative Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Anum NazPakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi 75600, Pakistan.
Amna NaureenPakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi 75600, Pakistan.
Tayyeba KiranPakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi 75600, Pakistan.
Omair HusainCentre for Addiction & Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8575-3364
Ayesha MinhasInstitute of Psychiatry, Benazir Hospital, Rawalpindi 23000, Pakistan.
Bushra RazzaqueInstitute of Psychiatry, Benazir Hospital, Rawalpindi 23000, Pakistan.
Sehrish TofiquePakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi 75600, Pakistan.
Nusrat HusainDivision of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK.
Christine FurberDivision of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Manchester, Manchester M139PL, UK.
Nasim ChaudhryPakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi 75600, Pakistan.

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council MRC/DFID/NIHR (MR/R022461/1).Medical Research Council MRC/Wellcome trust/DFID (MR/N006062/1)Medical Research Council MR/N006062/1Medical Research Council MR/R022461/1Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Suicide is a serious global public health problem and the third leading cause of death in those 15-35 years old. Self-harm is the major predictor of future suicide attempts and completed suicide yet remains poorly understood. There is limited evidence on effective interventions for adolescents who present with self-harm. To identify and develop acceptable preventive and therapeutic interventions it is essential to understand the factors that contribute to self-harm and suicide in young people, in the context of their emotions, interpersonal difficulties, available support and prevention strategies. This qualitative study aimed at exploring the lived experiences of adolescents presenting with self-harm and their views about potential prevention strategies. Semi-structured interviews with 16 adolescents (12-18 years) presenting with a self-harm episode in a public hospital in Pakistan. A topic guide was developed to facilitate the interviews. The following themes emerged using the framework analysis; predisposing factors (interpersonal conflicts, emotional crisis etc.), regret and realization that self-harm is not the only option, perceived impact of self-harm, and suggestions for suicide prevention strategies (sharing, distraction techniques, involvement of family). This study may help in refining a contextual and culturally based explanatory model of self-harm in adolescents and in informing development of culturally acceptable interventions.

Indexed as

Self-Injurious BehaviorAdolescentAdultEmotionsHumansInterpersonal RelationsPakistanQualitative ResearchYoung Adultadolescentsframework analysisPakistanqualitativeself-harmsuicide

Identifiers

PMID33924930
PMCPMC8124784

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.