ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021
Influence of Childhood Adversity and Infection on Timing of Menarche in a Multiethnic Sample of Women.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phenols, Parabens, Phthalates and Puberty: a Systematic Review of Synthetic Chemicals Commonly Found in Personal Care Products and Girls' Pubertal Development.Current environmental health reports · 2022Pooled it
- Reproductive health characteristics among women living in severe poverty in urban Haiti.Reproductive health · 2025Observational
- Family Functioning and Pubertal Maturation in Hispanic/Latino Children from the HCHS/SOL Youth.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Coming of age in war: Early life adversity, age at menarche, and mental health.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2024Review
- Early-life adversities and later-life reproductive patterns in women with fully traced reproductive history.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Childhood adversities (CAs) and infections may affect the timing of reproductive development. We examined the associations of indicators of CAs and exposure to tonsillitis and infectious mononucleosis (mono) with age at menarche. A multiethnic cohort of 400 women (ages 40-64 years) reported exposure to parental maltreatment and maladjustment during childhood and any diagnosis of tonsillitis and/or mono; infections primarily acquired in early life and adolescence, respectively. We used linear and relative risk regression models to examine the associations of indicators of CAs individually and cumulatively, and history of tonsillitis/mono with an average age at menarche and early onset of menarche (<12 years of age). In multivariable models, histories of mental illness in the household (RR = 1.44, 95% CI: 1.01-2.06), and tonsillitis diagnosis (RR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.20-2.33) were associated with early menarche (<12 years), and with an earlier average age at menarche by 7.1 months (95% CI: -1.15, -0.02) and 8.8 months (95% CI: -1.26, -0.20), respectively. Other adversities indicators, cumulative adversities, and mono were not statistically associated with menarcheal timing. These findings provided some support for the growing evidence that early life experiences may influence the reproductive development in girls.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.